Study On Soilless Culture Techniques Of Three Kinds Of Ornamental And Edible Plants

In this paper,three kinds of ornamental and edible plants,Mint,Aptenia cordifolia and Chrysanthemum were used as experimental materials.Different concentrations of Hoagland nutrient solution,Japanese garden test standard formula nutrient solution and self-made nutrient solution were applied at different frequencies to mix sand,vermiculite and perlite in different proportions are cultivation substrates.Cultivated plant material.The methods for soilless cultivation of three plants were studied.The purpose is to find out the ways of soilless cultivation of indoor pots suitable for three kinds of plants.A test was designed using orthogonal table L9(34)to study the four factors of A(nutrient solution formula),B(cultivation matrix ratio),C(nutrient solution concentration),and D(frequency of nutrient solution application)for three kinds of ornamental and edible plants.Each factor has three levels.Through the determination and analysis of fresh weight,leaf number,plant height,tissue water content,chlorophyll content,vitamin C content,soluble sugar content,and soluble protein content,linear regression analysis was performed by regression scoring method from the perspective of growth and physiology.Find out the soilless cultivation methods suitable for the three kinds of plants.Get the following conclusions:(1)The fresh weight of mint and the number of leaves when pouring a nutrient solution every 3 days reached the maximum growth,with an average increase of 13.5 g,about 298%,147,or about 207%;when the nutrition solution was poured every 6 days,the plant height reached the maximum increase,with an average increase of 7.63 cm,about 87%.To evaluate the growth index of Mint in a comprehensive way,a better cultivation plan is a Japanese garden test formula nutrient solution with a mass fraction of 3‰,which is applied once every 3 days.The ratio of the cultivated substrate used is sand: vermiculite: perlite = 2:1:1.For comprehensive evaluation of the physiological indicators of Mint,a better cultivation plan was Hoagland nutrient solution with a mass fraction of 2‰,which was applied every 3 days.The ratio of the cultivating substrate used was sand: vermiculite: perlite = 2:1:1.In terms of the ratio of the concentration of the nutrient solution applied to the cultivation medium used,the growth index of Mint has a consistency with the physiological index.(2)Fresh weight of Aptenia cordifolia When applying Hoagland nutrient with a mass fraction of 1‰,the ratio of cultivating substrate used is sand: vermiculite: perlite = 2:1:1,the greatest increase,with an average increase of 39.8 g,about 326%;when the nutrient solution with mass fraction of 3‰ was used,the number of leaves increased the most,with an average increase of 23.66 slices,about 92%;when the ratio of cultivation medium used was sand: vermiculite: perlite = 1:2:1,the maximum increase of plant height was the highest,with an average increase of 2.44 cm,about 51%.To comprehensively evaluate the growth index of Aptenia cordifolia,a better cultivation plan was to apply a Japanese garden test formula nutrient solution with a mass fraction of 3‰ every 3 days.The ratio of the cultivation substrate used was sand: vermiculite: perlite = 1:2:1.Comprehensive evaluation of the physiological indicators of Aptenia cordifolia,a better cultivation program for the quality of the 3‰ of the homemade nutrient solution,once every 9 days,the ratio of the use of cultivation substrate sand: vermiculite: perlite = 1:1:2.In the application of nutrient solution concentration,the growth index of Aptenia cordifolia has consistency with the physiological index,and it is the most suitable at the time of 3 ‰,indicating that the concentration of nutrient solution required for soilless cultivation of Aptenia cordifolia is higher.(3)The increment of fresh weight and number of leaves of Chrysanthemum was the largest when the frequency of applying nutrient solution was once every 3 days.The average fresh weight increased by 12.28 g,about 323%,and the average number of leaves increased by 37,about 174%.The height of the Chrysanthemum plant was the highest when the ratio of the used cultivation substrate was sand: vermiculite: perlite = 1:1:2,and the average growth was 6.64 cm,about 132%.Comprehensive evaluation of the growth index of Chrysanthemum.The best cultivation program was a Japanese garden test formula nutrient solution with a mass fraction of 2‰,which was applied once every 3 days.The ratio of the cultivation substrate used was sand: vermiculite: perlite = 1:2:1.A comprehensive evaluation of the physiological indicators of Aptenia cordifolia,the best cultivation program for the Hoagland nutrient solution or homemade nutrient solution with a mass fraction of 3‰,applied once every 3 days,the ratio of the cultivated substrate used was sand: vermiculite: perlite=1:1: 2.At the frequency of the application of nutrient solution,the growth index of the Chrysanthemum was consistent with the physiological index.