Study Of Fertilization Application Techniques Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Hanyin In Shaanxi Province

In order to promote the steady and healthy development of the tobacco production in thecity of Hanyin, increase farmers ’ income, improve the yield and quality of tobacco, and putforward to the quality of adequate raw materials for industrial customers, the evaluation andanalysis of the nutrient status of the basic tobacco in tobacco planting township of Hanyin hasbeen done to determine the reasonable amount of fertilizer and fertilization methods, thenfurther increase soil fertility and improve soil physical and chemical properties for intoachieve the true science of balanced fertilization.The experiment is primarily the investigation and analysis of tobacco soil nutrient statusof Hanyin in2009. According to the results of analysis and evaluation, we study the effect ofdifferent nitrogen application rate and different fertilization methods for flue-cured tobaccoagronomic characters and economic characters, then demonstrate and promote it. The resultsare as follows:1. Soil organic matter, available N, P, K and trace elements of tobacco-growing soil ofHanyin were analyzed and evaluated. It is illustrated that the pH of most tobacco-growing soilwas ranged from5.0to7.0, which is appropriate for the superb tobacco categories. Thecontent of OM (mean value:18.50g/kg) and AN (mean value:96.52mg/kg) were abundant ingeneral. Whereas the AP (mean value:13.44mg/kg) and AK (mean value:134.67mg/kg) wereinsufficient and among these, there were64.52%and70.97%of tobacco-growing soil beingon a low range respectively. The available Fe and Cu were abundant and B was greatlyinsufficient. Part of soil lack in Zn and very few of it was insufficient of Mn. Therefore, weshould attach great emphasis on the fertilization of N and P, and supplement the B and Znappropriately in order to obtain satisfactory productivity and quality.2.Through the study of the influence of different nitrogen on tobacco growth andproduction quality, quantity, the results show that different nitrogen have a significant impacton tobacco growth, chemical quality and economic characters.the amount of nitrogen rangein5.0~6.0kg/667m~2, Nitrogen and tobacco leaf production, quality is a significant positivecorrelation When the amount of nitrogen from6.0kg/667m~2increases to7.0kg/667m~2,yield is increased, but the economic character and nitrogen was negatively correlated.Through the comprehensive analysis the appropriate nitrogen of Hanyin planting smoke soil is6.0kg/667m~2.3.By studying the different methods of fertilizer application on tobacco growth and theinfluence of the economic characters, the results show that different methods of fertilizerapplication have an significant influence on tobacco growth and economic characters,including basic fertilizer with double row fertilization, top application using hole fertilizer, itis more advantageous to the growth and development of tobacco plant, and can keep theflue-cured tobacco growth later not to take off fat, and at the same time, yield and quality offlue-cured tobacco is significantly better than any other treatment, therefore, the fertilizerapplication of this area is basal double row banding, top application hole fertilizer.4. By taken the extension model of company plus farmer, carried out the promotion anddemonstration of balanced fertilization, provided good service for farmers in production andafter production, signed tobacco production purchase contract with farmers before production,carried out related policy support, implemented land transfer policy, supporting technologyand materials, Conducted technical training and provided technical guidance in production,purchased tobacco in accordance with the purchase contracts and national standards afterproduction. With the effective balanced fertilization demonstration, the tobacco growth trendwell and tidily, the tobacco leaves looks nice because of coordinated nutrition, with thestandard field production and rational population structure, the tobacco tolerance of agingsignificantly improved, matured fully, and then, its quality and availability significantlyimproved also, result of significantly increase of agricultural income. The promotion effect issignificant. In2011, compared with2010, the proportion of the finest tobacco leaves inincreased by11.82%, the finest tobacco average ratio reached11.37%, orange yellow tobaccoratio increased by16.19%, the yield increased by2.4kg/667m~2, the income increased634Yuan/667m~2. At the same time, research and application of the balanced fertilizationtechnology have solved the problem of low production, farmers’ low enthusiasm to planttobacco and difficulties in the development of production, as well as improved flue-curedtobacco production levels, comprehensively improved the quality of tobacco and increasedfarmers’ income, it has played a very important role in promoting the sustainable developmentof the tobacco.