Analysis On Of The Relationship Between Climate Factors And Flue-cured Tobacco Quality Of Baihe Tobacco Growing Area In Shaanxi Province

This paper systematically analyze the climatic data in Baihe tobacco area of Shaanxi in22years and12tobacco specimen, as well as the relationship between climatic factors and tobacco quality, in the hope of determining the influential climatic factors for tobacco quality and providing theoretical reference to the production of high quality tobacco.The details of the research are as follows:1, In the Baihe Tobacco Area, the sunshine during the field period is sufficient but not strong enough. There is adequate heat and energy during the early and middle period, which is good for the growth of the tobacco, however, the slightly higher temperature and the uneven precipitation in different period and zones during the maturing period is affecting the Baihe flue-cured tobacco yield and its quality in a certain degree.2, The analysis on the major factors shows that the following factors are the most critical in affecting the yield of the flue-cured tobacco in regards to the sunshine factor: the monthly average sunshine duration from July to Sept, the sunshine hours from May to Sept and the monthly average sunshine duration from May to Sept. Meanwhile, the following factors are the most important heat factors that affect the cultivation of the flue-cured tobacco:monthly average temperature from June to July and the monthly average temperature in June and the average temperature in July. While in water and humidity, the most critical factors are the total rainfall from May to Sept and the monthly average precipitation from May to Sept.3, The CFI index in the Baihe Tobacco Area is between0.6208～0.9858, with the average of0.8788±0.0945and the coefficient of variation at10.75%. Except some exceptional months with extreme temperature conditions, the sunshine, temperature and precipitation in the Baihe Tobacco Area match to the demand required by the growth of good quality flue-cured tobacco.4, It indicates from the calculation that the evaluation index on the appearance of the flue-cured tobacco in Baihe Tobacco Area averages at78.54%±6.71%with amplitude of58.86%～86.09%and coefficient of variation at8.54%. The coordination index of the chemical contents in the tobacco is70.39%±16.16%with amplitude of52.26%～97.37%and the coefficient of variation at22.96%. The average of sensory evaluation index of the tobacco is at62.05%±2.44%with the amplitude of58.56%～66.67%and the coefficient of variation at3.94%.5, The research into the climatic factors and the quality of the Flue-cured tobacco shows that:the rain in July and the≥10℃active accumulated temperature in September are the influential climatic factors for the color of flue-cured tobacco; the rain from May to September, the relative humidity and rain in July and the sunshine percentage in September are the remarkable influential climatic factors for tobacco’s maturity; the rain in July and average temperature in May are the significant influential climatic factors for tobacco’s chrominance.The relative humidity in June, average temperature in August, sunshine percentage in September and rain in September are the remarkable climatic factors that influence tobacco’s total plant alkaloid ingredient;the average temperature from May to September is the key climatic factor for tobacco’s total nitrogen ingredient; the average temperature from June to July is the significant influential climatic factor for tobacco’s reducing sugar ingredient; the sunshine hours from July to September is the key influential climatic factor for tobacco’s total sugar content; the relative humidity in June, the total sunshine hours in May, the rain in July are the important influential climatic factors for tobacco’s potassium content; the≥10℃active accumulated temperature, sunshine hours in May, the rain from July to August and the average temperature from July to August are the key influential climatic factors for tobacco’s Chlorine content; the average temperature in June is the remarkable influential climatic factor for tobacco’s Sugar nicotine ratio; the relative humidity in June, rain in July, rain from June to July are the important influential climatic factors for tobacco’s nitrogen nicotine ratio; the rain in June and the sunshine hours in June are the significant influential climatic factors for tobacco’s potassium chloride ratio;the average temperature from July to September is the remarkable influential climatic factor for tobacco’s aroma; the sunshine hours in June and the≥10℃active accumulated temperature in July is the key influential climatic factors for tobacco’s pungency; the sunshine hours in June and the sunshine percentage in July are the key influential factors for tobacco’s aftertaste.6.Taking all research results into comprehensive consideration, the conclusion is drawn that the major climate factors affecting the quality of the flue-cured tobacco is the precipitation and sunshine duration during the field period and the temperature during the harvesting season of the ripe tobacco. Therefore, the transplanting period of flue-cured tobacco have to be arranged earlier, as well as the plastic film mulching cultivation and splashing water facilities have to be introduced. The technology to assist in timely harvesting of the tobacco has to be utilized to fight against the effect from the poor weather.