Study On Mycotoxins Residue In Liver And Kidney Of Broilers And Effect Of Mycotoxin Adsorbent

Fed with mycotoxins, animal can be caused daily gain and feed intake decrease, F/G increase, but also can be caused serious damage to the liver, kidney, spleen, thymus and bursal. In addition, mycotoxins can be residued in animal products, such as liver, kidney, muscle, milk and so on. It will be a threat to human health through the food chain. One of the method to control mycotoxin residue is to use mycotoxin adsorbent, however, the types of mycotoxin adsorbent are wide various and adsorption effect is much different. In this research, we studied the mycotoxins residue in animal liver, kidney and the effect of three mycotoxin adsorbents, also analysis the impact of mycotoxins on animal growth performance, organ index, serum biochemical indicators and intestinal morphology. A total of216broilers were randomly assigned to nine treatment groups (three replicates per treatment with eight broilers per replicate), control group, test Group1(The mycotoxin content in the feed were AFB,24.71ng/g, OTA12.30ng/g, ZEA274.62ng/g respecticely), test Group2(AFB141.18ng/g, OTA20.57ng/g, ZEA457.70ng/g respectively), other groups were test groups in which the feed was mixed with the mycotoxin adsorbent A (the main component is Montmorillonite), adsorbent B (the main component is modified Montmorillonite) and compound mycotoxin adsorbent C respectively. The experiment was lasted for20days, the results are as follows:(1) Mycotoxins residue in liver and kidney of broiler. The results showed that feeding low level of mycotoxins can leave5.07±0.21ng/g AFB,, and1.17±0.06ng/g OTA,16.57±1.00ZEA ng/g residues in the livers of broiler,2.57±0.25ng/g AFB,,2.83±0.25ng/g OTA,14.57±1.73ng/g ZEA in kidney; In the group of feeding higher mycotoxin content the residues were7.80±0.36ng/g,1.83±0.35ng/g,20.60±0.90ng/g in liver,3.90±0.20ng/g,4.50±0.75ng/g,18.33±0.85ng/g in kidney. Adding mycotoxin adsorbent in the feed can effectively reduce residues left in the body. With the effect of adsorbent A, the content of AFB1, OTA, ZEA in the liver decreased by37.48%,12.82%,14.30%, the content in kidney decreased by24.90%,18.73%,11.46%; the effect of adsorbent B was significantly better than the adsorbent A(P<0.05). Addding adsorbent B, the content of AFB,, OTA, ZEA decreased by63.91%,100%and36.03%(liver);52.14%,46.99%and24.02%(kidney). The effect of adsorbent C is similar with adsorbent B. After adding adsorbent C, the content of AFB1, OTA, ZEA decreased by55.22%,100%,38.02%(liver);48.25%,56.54%,27.11%(kidney).(2) The effects of mycotoxin adsorbent. The results showed that compared with the test group without mycotoxin adsorbent, after adding the adsorbent A, the discharge rate of AFB1, OTA, ZEA in faeces were increased by30.24%,17.31%,23.24%(low levels of mycotoxins group);49.69%,19.5%,22.51%(high levels of mycotoxins group) respectively. Compared with adsorbent A, after adding the adsorbent B, the discharge rate of AFB1, OTA, ZEA in faeces were increased by50.22%,20.39%and46.98%(low levels of mycotoxins group);29.2%,17.34%and40.87%(high levels of mycotoxins group) respectively. The effect of adsorbent C was significantly better than the adsorbent A(P<0.05), but compared with adsorbent B, AFB1excretion rate decreased by12.17%(low levels of mycotoxins group),2.18%(high levels of mycotoxins group), OTA, ZEA excretion rate increased by6.15%,3.27%(low levels of mycotoxins group);8.08%,3.49%(high levels of mycotoxins group).(3) The impact of mycotoxins on growth performance. The results showed that low doses of mycotoxins significantly reduced broilers1-10d ADF1,11-20d,1-20d ADG, ADFI, elevated1-10d,1-20d F/G (P <0.05); the high dose of mycotoxins broilers1-10d,11-20d,1-20d ADG, ADFI were significantly lower (P<0.05),1-10d,1-20d F/G were signi ficantly elevated (P<0.05); When adding mycotoxin adsorbent, the broliers growth performance was improved obviously, especially the effects of adsorbent B and adsorbent C are much more remarkable.(4) The impact of mycotoxins on organ index of broilers. The results showed that low doses of mycotoxins increased broilers liver index and spleen index significantly (P<0.05); high doses mycotoxins significantly elevated liver index and spleen index, but thymus index and bursa index was significantly lower (P<0.05), kidney index increased slightly (P>0.05). Adding the mycotoxin adsorbent can prevent the liver, kidney and spleen from enlarging, meanwhile mycotoxin adsorbent can stop thymus, brusa from shriveling, especially the effects of adsorbent B and adsorbent C are much more remarkable.(5) The impact of mycotoxins on serum biochemical indicators of broilers. The results showed that low doses of mycotoxins significantly elevated AST, ALP, GGT activity, significantly reduced the level of TP, GLB, BUN (P<0.05); high doses of mycotoxins significantly enhanced ALT, AST, ALP, GGT activity, and significantly reduced TP, GLB, BUN (P<0.05); mycotoxin adsorbents can reduce serum enzyme activity and increase protein levels, and the effect of adsorbent B and adsorbent C is much more remarkable.(6) The impact of mycotoxins on intestinal morphology. The results showed that low doses of mycotoxins would significantly reduce the villus height of duodenum and jejunum, the crypt depth of duodenum and jejunum was significantly deepened, and the V/C of duodenum and jejunum was significantly lower (P<0.05); the high doses of mycotoxins significantly reduced the villus height of duodenum, ileum and jejunum, the crypt depth of duodenum, ileum and jejunum was significantly deepened, and V/C of duodenum, ileum and jejunum was significantly lower (P<0.05). After adding mycotoxin adsorbents, the villus height was rised, crypt depth was shallower and V/C was increased, and the effects of adsorbent B and adsorbent C are much more remarkable.