Discussing The Present Situation Countermeasures Of Ecological Forests Construction In Zhoushan

Based on the latest release of the “Assessment regulations of China forest ecosystemservices”, to monitor fixed plots in subcompartment at county level for long term, withinvestigation of special, permanent monitoring subcompartment, we used this county-levelmonitoring system of forest ecological service benefits to evaluate status and constructioneffect of ecological service forest ecosystem in Zhoushan City, to discuss strategy and toprovide theoretical basis of construction and management mode for improving its level.(1) The ecological service forests consist of national key forest mainly, accounting for78.14%, and provincial key forest partly, accounting for21.86%in Zhoushan City. Thenatural forests make up ecological service forests largely with over92%ratio. And theecological service forests were composed of young forest dominated (over95%),whatsuggesting that ecological niche of Zhoushan ecological service forests is importantespecially and its protection value is high.(2) The quality of ecological service forests has been improved significantly while thestand structure transform has been forwarding reasonable direction after five years toconstruct and protect. The proportion of coniferous forest decreased from22.96%to3.93%,with the proportion of broadleaf forest decreased from64.77%to57.07%and theproportion of mixed coniferous increased from5.84%to30.67%. Ratio of stands whatcanopy density under0.4decreased from62.94%to51.15%, while Ratio of stands whatcanopy density over0.5increased from37.06%to48.85%. The net biomass increment ofecological service forests was1,221,300tons in fiver years, with annual growth rate of8.56%.(3) The ecological service forests play a significant role on ecosystem function with11.422billion RMB. The ecological service forests conserved162million tons water,reduced10.5450million tons soil loss, absorbed3.6787million tons carbon dioxide,released2.3548million tons oxygen2.3548million tons, fixed1.0034million tons netcarbon sequestration and increased37.698billion MJ net storage in five years totally.(4) There were four problems of Zhoushan ecological service forests following.Firstly, forest ecosystem was fragile relatively with unreasonable forest construe. Theecological natural landscape, ecological functions and ecological benefits were notcoordinated with sustained and rapid economic and social development of Zhoushan cityoverall. Secondly, there was not have a scientific management methods to standardizeecological forest construct, foster, update logging, requisition and occupation and monitoring activities of forest land, resulting in blind and coarse management activities.Thirdly, the compensation mechanism was imperfect to influence foresters operatingenthusiasm. At the same time, the absence of afforestation special funds caused theecological forests not given guarantee in updating, financial supervision, forest fireprevention, pest and disease control, publicity and production, protection. Fourthly, thetraditional management mode could not adapt to the modern ecological forest managementneeds, and put the responsibilities of management and protection in place difficultlyresulting in ecological forest partly is actually in a "loss of control" state.(5) For problems of Zhoushan ecological service forest construction above, weproposed preliminary strategy following. Firstly, we could carry out innovation and reformof ecological service forest management and protection mechanisms positive, to studypolicy support system of establishment ecological forest. Secondly, we should establish aperfect compensation mechanism increased with growth of the financial ability to paythrough raising funds diversified. Thirdly, we should strengthening the public awareness ofenvironmental protection, and enhance the sense of mission of ecological forestconstruction using multi-angle media. Fourthly, we could optimize existing managementmode using bidding management to establish stable professional teams of management andprotection for improving the construction of effectiveness and reducing construction costs.