The Expression Of HBME-1、CK19、 Galectin-3、34βE12and Ki67in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma And Its Clinical Significance

Background: The histological features of thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma areconsistent with the diagnostic criteria of thyroid papillary carcinoma,while its tissue imagesare different with papillary thyroid carcinoma,and microcarcinoma does not form papillarystructures, which makes it difficult to diagnose. There is a certain rate of disdiagnose.Withthe use and development of immunohistochemical techniques,it is necessary to find a tumormarker with high sensitivity, specificity, which is able to identify benign or malignant thyroiddisease and determine the prognosis,and it will be a aid in the diagnosis of clinical pathology.HBME-1is mainly distributed in the mesothelial cells, which is an antigen recently using inthyroid tumor pathology.CK19is mainly distributed in the simple epithelium cells and is a lowmolecular weight keratin which was earlier found using in the differential diagnosis ofthyroid disease. In papillary thyroid carcinoma,CK19is a better marker and auxiliary diagnosis.Galectin-3is generally distributed in the normal cells and tumor tissues. At home and abroad alarge number of studies have shown that Galectin-3involved in many physiological andpathological process, including the role of cell growth, adhesion, inflammation, tumormetastasis, and apoptosis,and so on. It was found that Galectin-3overexpressed in manymalignant tumors such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, coloncancer,so we concluded that the high expression of Galectin-3indicated that the tumor wasstrongly invasive and was closely related to tumor metastasis, recurrence.34βE12which is aspecific antibody of prostate basal cell was strongly positively expressed in papillary thyroidcarcinoma, generally not in the normal thyroid tissue. Antigen immune response of Ki-67which is a better marker to reflect the activity of tumor cell proliferation,widely using indetection of a variety of tumor cell proliferation activity, becoming an important indicator ofclinical prediction of tumor outcome is closely related to cell cycle, and its half-life is short,cells from the proliferation cycle was quickly degraded,and Its abnormal expression isclosely related to the occurrence and development of the tumor [51]. With the constantresearch and development of molecular genetics we found that the occurrence, development,invasion and metastasis of many kinds of thyroid cancers was associated with nucleinic acidand proteinum molecule. Selecting the appropriate immune markers which contributed to benign and malignant thyroid disease of differential diagnosis had become a hot topic. Atpresent,there is related report about combined with HBME-1、CK19、Galectin-3in smallpapillary carcinoma,which maybe promote the occurrence and development of small papillarycarcinoma.However,there is no report about dependablity of clinic index. At home and abroadthere is no report about combined with34βE12and Ki67in small papillary carcinoma.Athome and abroad there is no report about HBME-1, CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12, and Ki67andexpression of the five kinds of antibodies using in small papillary carcinoma. Compared withsingle marker, the researchers found that the combination of multiple markers to improve thevalue of the differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. We will combine HBME-1and CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12with Ki67to explore whether they can be specific molecularmarkers of small thyroid papillary, and contribute to the differential diagnosis of benign andmalignant tumors. By studying their expression differences in the small thyroid papillarycarcinoma to investigate the impact of changes in these genes on tumor occurrence,development and transfer.Objective: To investigate the significance of HBME-1、 CK19、Galectin-3、34βE12and Ki67in the occurrence and development of thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma,as well ascombined application of these antibody diagnose thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma.Methods: To detect the expression of HBME-1,CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12and Ki67in30patients with nodular goiter without papillary hyperplasia,26patients with nodular goiterwith papillary hyperplasia and58patients with thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma byimmunohistochemistry (IHC).Results:(1)The expression of HBME-1and CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12and Ki67inthyroid micro-papillary carcinoma was significantly higher than nodular goiter with orwithout papillary hyperplasia.(2) The expression of34βE12in small thyroid papillarycarcinoma with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than without lymph nodemetastasis.(3)The sensitivity of five antibodies of HBME-1, CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12andKi67was98.2%,and their specificity was96.4%.Conclusion: Thigh expression of HBME-1and CK19, Galectin-3,34βE12and Ki67may promote the occurrence of small thyroid papillary carcinoma; Thigh expression of34βE12may promote lymph node metastasis in thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma;Combination of five kinds of antibodies contributed to the diagnosis of small thyroid papillary carcinoma and differential diagnosis of small thyroid papillary carcinoma andnodular goiter with or no papillary thyroid hyperplasia.