The Research On The Historical Documents And Cultural Connotation Of Qi Mountain In Chizhou

Qi Mountain of Chizhou is a scenic area in southern Anhui Province, which, together with Jiuhua Mountain, is know as famous scenic spots south to the Yangtze Rive. Its cliff inscription is a provincial conservation unit of cultural relics. Since Tang Dynasty, Qi Mountain has gone through constructions of successive dynasties, which made its culture heritage become increasingly profound, leaving behind voluminous Verse literature, unique orography literature and epigraphy literature. Since modern times, the natural and cultural landscapes of Qi Mountain has suffered from destruction and then experienced repairs. In spite of the repairs, it has already become fragmentary. Therefore, sorting out the literature of Qi Mountain and exploring its cultural connotations are necessary for the academic development and the construction of local culture.The literature of Qi Mountain embraces the historical documents of it and its surrounding areas as well as the historical documents related to it. The literature record the history, geography, politics, economy, military affairs, religion, customs and social changes of Qi Mountain, among which The Record of Caves in Qi Mountain by Chen Wei in Qing Dynasty has the most abundant content.With respect to the naming of Qi Mountain, it got its name in the first year of Tang Zhen, which can be proved by ancient literature. Qi Mountain became famous because Li Fangyuan cut it and it is recorded that Qizhao came and governed Chizhou. Qiying got the name of Qi Mountain is a false spread of this saying. From Tang Dynasty to the late Ming Dynasty, Qi Mountain had experienced its flourishing time, which is inseparable from the flourishing of Chizhou, where it locates. Convenient water transportation, cultural features of local officials and the relocating of Chizhou county is the initial reasons of the development of Qi Mountain. It descended in the period of Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. The two cities Anqing and Wuhu. which locate in the southwest and southeast part of Anhui province, become the land and water transportation centers of this area. Meanwhile, Jiuhua Mountain gradually gained its prosperity and became the center of local culture. Thus Qi Mountain reduced to a mere scenic spot and its status was subservient to a local scenic mountain, whose culture connotation also fell down.The connotation of Qi Mountain culture generally includes tourism culture, religious culture, poetry culture and the culture of academy of classical learning, among which tourism culture best embodies the vitality of Qi Mountain. Official travel culture, visit culture and hermit culture constitute the tourism and cultural connotation of Qi Mountain. The Official travel culture has not only made Qi Mountain become a famous mountain, but also made it grow more famous than Jiuhua Mountain for a time. Qi Mountain poetry culture includes poetry, verse, ode, and travel notes, etc, which is content-rich and voluminous. Qi Mountain travel notes, describes and illustrates the caves and spring water of Qi Mountain, with the historical anecdotes attached. Most of Qi Mountain cliff inscriptions are written by political or cultural celebrities in history, the calligraphy is very beautiful and of great momentum, which systematically reflects the social features of a wider southern Anhui province and the psychology of the Scholars in different times. The Buddhist history of Qi Mountain can be traced back to late Tang Dynasty. The development of the Buddhism history of Qi Mountain is indicated by Yanqing Academy in Song Dynasty and the Buddhism cliff sculpture in Yuan Dynasty. The Buddhism history of Qi Mountain has gone through a deep development in Ming Dynasty. Qi Mountain temple has gained a thorough flourish, and there were lots of tower courtyard and nunneries. In Qing Dynasty, there were also many caves named after famous Buddhist figures and mountains. Till Qing Dynasty, Qi Mountain has only one Taoist site left-Xiuchun Taoist Academy, and gained no development after Song Dynasty. The seclusion culture highlighted itself by more than15caves which embody the idea of seclusion, represented by Jiyin Rock and Zhaoyin Rock. There has not been any Academy until Yuan Dynasty, and it is at this time that Qi Mountain Academy has gained its place in national Academies. The flourish and development of Ming Academies was related to two persons桯uangguan, the champion during Hongwu of Ming Dynasty, and He Shaozheng, the sheriff during Zhengde.The development of Qi Mountain culture shows different characteristics at different stages. Tang and Song Dynasties are the period when Qi Shan culture began to form and develop, but in Tang Dynasty its development is initial and the scenic spots are limited to Cuiwei Pavilion. Zuoshi Cave. Cuiwei Embankment and so on. In Song Dynasty, the development range and degree of Qi Mountain were expanded, and tended to mature. Literati politicians started to write poems and inscriptions in temples, and Buddhism culture of of Qi Mountain began to have some effects. Song Dynasty is also the innitial time of Taoism culture and hermit culture, Shangqing Rock, Jixian Temple, Jiuding Cave and Jiyin Rock all have the meaning of being immortal, magnanimous hermits. Yuefei’s trail and his inscription of Cuiwei Pavilion of Chizhou made Qi Mountain connected with military culture. In Ming Dynasty, the Official culture of Qi Mountain became mainstream, due to this, Qi Mountain culture was rebuilt and flourished. Local officials paid more attention to cultural construction of Qi Mountain, among which He Shaozheng is the most outstanding representative. In Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Qi Mountain was no longer crown "a famous mountain south to the Yangtze River", its status declined and the visitors are mainly Chizhou local citizens, because the preserved poems, cliff works are the evidence. Furthermore the cultural preservation of Qi Mountain is mainly made by local celebrity. From then on until the Republic of China, no one did the job of collecting, arranging and preserving Qi Mountain culture.