| Nietzsche thought the moral trend of Christianity finally led to the lack of lives’ aesthetic meanings; from the view of Contra-Christianity, he established an aestheticism based on the understanding of tragic nature of lives. In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche claimed he turned the conception of Dionysus originated in ancient Greece into a kind of ’philosophical passion’ for the first time. He made the use of Dionysian powers of destruction, sacrifice and redemption to confront with tragic meanings of lives, in order to fill up the spiritual space left after the decline of Christianity. In Thus spoke Zarathustra, A Book for Everyone and No one, Nietzsche went one step further. He turned Dionysus’ life principles into the image of a personified superman; and as an enlightener, he again assaulted the moral ethics of Christianity, trying building a world of new people the core of which was life will. In Nietzsche’s view, after1900years of evolutions, changes and inappropriate explanations, Christianity had sunken into a religion for the weak; Christianity constrained human nature, making people lose life will and the power to think. It was a fallen religion. Bringing in the spirit of Dionysus was to awaken the unrefined stagnating religious society of Prussia, make the human nature shine again and let it filled with strong and healthy vitality. The meaning of Nietzsche’s life aesthetics lies in here:the life will is the cause of beauty, and it’s also the destination of beauty. Only by abandoning the evaluations and request put on lives by religions, mortality and laws and returning back to vigorous lives, can we say the life will is’beautiful’. Nietzsche’s strong criticism on Christianity was unprecedented. The theory of’The Will to Power’and’Superman’established by him could be regarded as one of the most influencing theory in modern circle of thoughts. However, Nietzsche’s thoughts were multidimensional, full of paradoxes and obscure in meanings, only trying understanding the basic meanings of the words was far from enough. Nietzsche’s view of Contra-Christianity was much more complicated than its presentations, and it could not be summarized under the definition of nihilism. When Nietzsche put the statement "God is dead", he was not acting the role of the executor. However, he just found and stated a truth that had existed for a long time in the history of thoughts. Nietzsche’s interpretation of the statement "God is dead" was depended on the basic standpoint of the humanists traced back to the time of the didacticism:it opposed the parts of the Christian Doctrines which were against the humanism and couldn’t inspire the potential life strength of human beings; and it was also against the popularizing, instrumentalized and degraded trend of the religious organizations, moral principles of theology and religions. When Nietzsche looked for new ideas in the purpose of saving the declined spirit of Europe, he thought the spirit of Christianity was still worth admiring. The characters of the Superman supposed by him also included the dignified parts of the spirit of Christianity. Nietzsche’s thoughts were polysemous, complicated and included more complicated dimensions in the attitude towards Christianity. Examining the part with strong sense of self-extending which belongs to times or individuals, understanding the great hidden danger left to modern thoughts by the value of Nietzsche’s anti-Christianity might be very meaningful. In Thus spoke Zarathustra, by Zarathustra words, Nietzsche said man is something to be surpassed. Likewise, Nietzsche himself should be and must be examined repeatedly and surpassed. |
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