Study On Fu Nai’s Governing Policies In Hunan Miao Region

Qing dynasty, the last feudal dynasty in China, promoted China’s unity of multiplyethnic groups and finalized the territory of China. During Qianlong Period, in theprocess of Power-shift Movement Policy implemented by Qing government, moreissues were brought up. Meanwhile, when the conflicts between ethnic minority peoplein Hunan Miao region and local Qing government were getting tougher, it caused ethnicminority people’s hard life and society’s instability in Western Hunan. Consequently,the uprisings of Miao broke out consistently to show local ethnic minority people’sextreme dissatisfaction and hatred to Qing government’s rule with the hope of seekingtheir freedom. After Qing government suppressed the uprisings, in order to bring thepeople in Hunan Miao region back under Qing dynasty’s reign, several officials wereappointed by Qing government to go over and govern Miao region, and the mostinfluential one was Fu Nai. During Fu Nai’s tenure, Hunan Miao region was relativelypeaceful after several harsh policies were implemented by him. To a certain degree, ithelped this area’s development and stabled Qing government’s reign in Miao region.This paper that takes Fu Nai’s governing ideas as a breakthrough point, throughanalyzing historical documents, studies Fu Nai’s governing policies towards HunanMiao region with a more systematic way. This paper is made by of three parts:introduction, body and conclusion. Introduction is an important part to this paper and ithas three parts. First, through stating Qing government’s ruling situation in Hunan Miaoregion before Qianjia Miao Uprising, Fu Nai’s introspection of governing on QianjiaMiao Uprising and the dilemmas or problems he was going to face, it mainly illustratesthe historical background of Fu Nai’s governing policies towards Hunan Miao region; inthe second part, it introduces Fu Nai’s vital governing thoughts and detailed policies inHunan Miao region. These three main governing thoughts were “abolish Miao’scostumes, permanent Miao’s inhabitation and banish Miao’s ideology”,“bringing Hanto immobilize Miao, hiring Miao to administer Miao, employing walls to isolate Miao”and “using soldiers to suppress Miao, employing forts to protect soldiers, using fields tomaintain soldiers”; in the third part, it analyzes the influences on local region under FuNai’s governing policies and finds the historical particularity from those policies. As tothe conclusion, it makes an inductive summary for Fu Nai’s governing polices in HunanMiao region during Qianlong Period and Jiaqing Period in Qing Dynasty.This paper attempts to straighten out Fu Nai’s governing policies towards HunanMiao region. Simultaneously, it explores some important facts on Hunan Miao region’ssocial changes which were reflected by the policies. Through the in-depth analysis onFu Nai’s governing policies, this paper introduces the real reasons on why Fu Nai’spolicies were practical for suppressing Miao region and those policies’ influences on local politics, economy, military and culture. This can help people understand HunanMiao region’s history from the time after Qianjia Miao Uprising to the present.