Study On "Shuahuan" Between Qing And Chosun Dynasty Before1644

After the rise of Jin Dynast from the mid-sixteenth century, the situation inNortheast Asia which baced on Ming and Chosun Dynasty’s Foreign Affairs hadgreatly changed.So Chosun Dynasty faced enormous difficulties and choices indealing with the Foreign Affairs with Ming Dynasty and Jin Dynasty. In order to winthe war with the Ming Dynasty, Jin continuously carried on the negotiation withChosun Dynasty, actively courted Chosun Dynasty to make it neutral. However,Chosun Dynasty which built on Confucianism thoughts refused to betray the MingDynasty, and still adhered to the principle of “shida policy to the Ming Dynasty”and“Diplomatic Relations with Neighbours to the Jin Dynast”. To remove worries from it,Jin (Qing) Dynasty launched two wars against Chosun Dynasty to conquer it, andmade the Chosun Dynasty turn into its brotherly state, at last, even turn into itsdependent state. The issues of Shuahuan which produced in the war and left over byhistory had become an important part of both sides to negotiate. And the negotiationsbeen throughout the whole process of development of Suzerainty-FeudatoryRelationship.The thesis regards the Shuahuan as the breakthrough point,and attempts toexplore its effect to the the establishment of the Qing dynasty and Chosun Dynasty’ssuzerain-vassal system. It mainly discusses the negotiations of them which include theShuahuan of prisoners, people escaped from Liaodong, Chosun Dynasty peoplecaptived by Jin (Qing) Dynasty and Xianghua people.After the Battle of Sarhu, Jinand Chosun Dynasty started the diplomatic intercourse by the Shuahuan of prisoners.But then, Jin used the Shuahuan of people escaped from liaodong as an excuse andpressured on the Chosun Dynasty for the purpose of obtaining its support. However,Chosun Dynasty’s attitude made Jin dynasty extremely angry, so it launched two warsagainst Chosun Dynasty, and captured large populations. After the war, ChosunDynasty requested Jin (Qing) Dynasty to return the captives; while Jin (Qing)Dynasty insisted that the captives should be bought back and asked the ChosunDynasty repatriated the escaped captives as well as the xianghua people in the ChosunDynasty. Through the analysis of the Shuahuan situation, it can be concluded that: theattitude and response of both sides to Shuahuan deeply affects the development ofrelations between the two sides; while changes in the relations between the two sidesalso enable them to change the attitude toward Shuahuan.