The Relationship Between The Cultural Channel Of Neolithic Sites And The Geographical Environment In Anhui Province

Anhui province is lying on the eastern area of China, which is the central place for the communication of the Neolithic culture. The Neolithic cultural patterns of Anhui were influenced profoundly by Zhongyuan Culture, Haidai Culture, Jianghan Culture and Taihu Culture, and didn’t have its own prominent characters. Frist, we established the cultural evolution sequences via the Neolithic cultural information and reproduced the spatial-temporal distribution of Neolithic sites by the GIS (Geographic Information System) methods. We divided the Anhui province area into6parts:The Huaibei plain area, Along the Huai River area, Around the Chao lake area, western mountain area, Along the Yangtze River area and the sourthern mountain area on the basis of studying the distribution of Neolithic culture.There are certain truths about the istribution:(1)The Early Neolithic, the Middle Neolithic and the Late Neolithic are correspondence with the beginning stages, the developing stages and the maturing stages of the Anhui’Neolithic culture;(2)The Neolithic cultures of the Surrounding provinces entered into the Anhui province and make the cultural communication with the located cultural patterns, and then the clearly cultural channels were formed.(3) The path of the cultural channels were affected by the geographical environment and the social causes. Natural conditions, such as the geologic structure, are the first influencing key element among all the affected factors. The area environment changes are the significant aspect for the development of the Neolithic culture. Then,we had choosen8typical cores and site profiles in the6area above-mentioned, they are Huangkou core in Xiaoxian, Yuchisi site in Mengcheng, Yuhuicun site in Bengbu, Chaohu lake core, Tiantangzhai peat layers in Dabie Mountain, Lingjiatan site in Hanshan, cores in Wuhu, cores in Longgan Lake. Reconstruct the environment changes of the6areas by the comparative study in the use of the proxy climate indicator. At last, find the result of the form to the Neolithic cultural channal on the conclusion of the environment background. The analysis result indicates:(1)At the Early neolithic (9.0ka B.P.～7.0ka B.P.)of Anhui province, the sites are little and disperse. The Comprehensive environment is Warm and humid, and there are a certain amount of water bodies.(2) At the Mid-neolithic (9.0ka B.P.～7.0ka B.P.) of Anhui province, the number of the sites increase rapidly and the distribution areas become wider. The Human activity is more and more frequently, but the cultural channel was not so clearly. The environment had turn to dry gradually, which is appropriate for evolution of humain culture.(3) At the Late Neolithic(9.0ka B.P.～7.0ka B.P.) of Anhui province, the amount of the sites had reach the peak. The distribution had extend all over the province area. The cultural channel was clearly and the culture exchange was flourish. At the period, the environment was dry, the climate is proper for people activity. The Neolithic culture had great advanced.The rivers has big influence on the Neolithic sites’ distribution, and also under the control of the nature resource in geomorphology background. The grown cultural channel has great development between6.0ka B.P.～4.0ka B.P., when the Anhui area environment is change to dry gradually by the total culture development and climate character.