Inductive Reasoning Neural Mechanisms Of Development Research

Inductive reasoning is an advanced brain thinking, defined as the process of inferring a general rule by observation and analysis of specific instances. Inductive reasoning for the individual learning is very important, and at the same time is an important way of scientific discovery. Induction has a significant role in human daily life. Through inductive reasoning, individuals could get new general knowledge from a lot of life experience. And then, individuals extend their understanding of vision greatly, with less memory of much knowledge. Inductive reasoning could help students learning mathematics knowledge better, and form students’creation ability.The psychological processes of inductive reasoning have been studied extensively, but little is known about its developmental neural basis. To address this issue, we explored the difference between adolescents and adults by Brixton test without the effects of language unrelated to factors.Experiment1was a behavior experimental study, with the purpose of inspecting the behavior differences between adolescents and adults in inductive reasoning. It found that adult got rules for quantity significantly more than adolescents. There was not significant difference between their reaction time both in rule acquisition and rule application.Experiment2used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of adolescents and adults developmental neural mechanism of inductive reasoning. The study found that adolescents and adults in the process of inductive reasoning is activation in frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe network of brain regions, and confirmed that the existence of the loop including prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hypothalamus. Hypothesis formation in adults than adolescents have additional activation in the medial frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus and left angular gyrus and other brain areas. Adults additional activate In the left frontal gyrus, left superior parietal lobule and left precuneus during hypothesis test application. Different subjects of differences in behavior and brain imaging in the process of inductive reasoning may be the result of brain development...