The Economic Characteristics Of The Agricultural Economy By The Northern Song Dynasty To See Country

The Northern Song Dynasty is a very prosperous time in the ancient China. In the middle and later Tang Dynasty, most people gradually began to annex land all over the country because of the resurrection of commodity economy at that time, which caused a chain reaction such as the polarization between the rich and the poor. Therefore, in order to settle this problem, the state at that time was urged to carry out a measure, called as "Two Tax System", to accommodate to the changes of economic society. And it also brought about some unexpected consequences, one of which refers to the high-speed development of the land annexation. However,"Non-control of Merger" led to the concentration of land into few rich people’s property, which gave birth to the rise of rich class when it came into Song Dynasty. Without political powers, the rich class at that time had to rely on economic measures to keep exploiting the poor class. They mainly used tenancy contract to fulfill their aims, which made the tenancy contract become very prevailing in the Song Dynasty. This historical changing process reflects the change of the traditional functions of one state. Being different from the previous viewpoints, the author of this paper holds that it is not just a simple process in which the state was forced to adjust to the change of economic society, but a dialectical process. This process, in turn, reflects some economic features of the state.This paper is going to illustrate this subject from the following four aspects:The first part of this paper is the introduction part, in which the author will mainly introduce the thinking process of choosing subject and the present situation of studying the subject. The reasons of choosing the subject brings up the thinking process of studying in this paper, and the present studying situation proves the thinking process in the fist step.The next part will deal with two features of agricultural economy in Northern Song Dynasty. It is mainly going to illustrate and analyze those two features respectively, and find out the elements of basic theory from the abstract analysis.The third part will go on illustrating ideas of the second part. To start with, this part will analyze how functions and powers of the state changed under reformation in Tang and Song Dynasty, and analyze the outward manifestations of those changes, which refer to "Non-control of Merger" and "Tenancy Contract". And it will analyze functions, or that is to say, nature of the economic interests of the state from those changes. Then it will analyze those economic interests and illustrate external and internal force of restrain, which is faced by the state during the process of pursuing those economic interests. In order to put theory into practice, this part will try best to focus on the Northern Song Dynasty during the illustration.The last part is conclusion which is mainly going to tease apart the logic structure of this paper. And it will conclude the theme of this paper at last.