From Peasant Association To Soviet: 20 S And 30 S Historical Development Of Chinese Peasant Revolution

As for how to launch the Chinese peasants into revolution, Chinese Communist shouldhave taken Soviet, the organization mode which exerts upon revolution of Russian, in theearly stage of revolution. The reason is that Soviet is a masses organizations, an advantagedorgan of state power, a superior uprising organization and a kind of political campaign. Itmay change the revolutionary organizations hierarchically in its structure and function underthe objective situation, lead the crowds to revolution, gather all kinds of forces, wage allkinds of struggles, from economic struggle to political struggle, from legal struggle to illegalstruggle, and from peace struggle to armed struggle, and seize the power finally. And itsdistribution level which cored by the workers and united the general public is formednaturally during operating process, and the proletariat’s leadership make sure the rightdirection of it.At the very beginning, Soviet is not strong enough, relying on support and promotion ofthe political and military forces, it also needs to have a certain degree of objective situation.And its historical development having the reputation of being a revolutionary power grab,makes it brutally been suppressed by the authoritarian regime at almost the first possiblemoment. Early in Chinese Communist revolution, the conditions are not fulfilled, but the riskmore. Therefore, China’s soviet revolution should undergo the stage of making an alliancewith the bourgeoisie for democratic revolution. While in this stage, Soviet is not admitted bythe bourgeoisie for having the experience of revolutionizing for the Communist in the SovietUnion. Accordingly, Lenin and the leaders of Comintern considering that the Soviet system isnot suitable for the then China’s revolution situation, adjust China’s Soviet into farmers’associations for organizing peasant movement.In this case, early the Great Revolution, Chinese Communist organizes peasantrevolution, instead of Soviet put aside for the time being, and farmers’ associations which isnot political overtones autonomically organized, tries to make peasant revolution in improvedcooperation under the framework of the national Government. The potential feature of beingan organ of state power and an uprising organization which have been aroused eventuallysubjecting to serious class conflicts in rural areas of China and the Kuomintang government’snegative treatment, the development of farmers’ associations breaks autonomy andimprovement of cooperation to seize the village landlord despotic gentry power, and actuallybecome an organ of state power and an uprising organization for Chinese Communist peasantrevolutionary.The internal characteristics and the evolution of the farmers’ associations which aresimilar with Soviet campaign show that its development is in line with the view of ChineseCommunist on taking it as the preparation and the basis of Soviet campaign. With this view,Soviet practices only coming a high tide of revolution, and makes sense only as an uprisingorganization and an organ of state power, therefore, the farmers’ associations campaign is thecondition prepared for a revolutionary upsurge.The final rupture of the cooperation between Chinese Communist and Kuomintang, andthe optimistic estimation to China’s Revolutionary Situation by the leaders of Comintern and Chinese Communist, advance the implement of Soviet in China, after the failure of aleft-wing Kuomintang’s plan and the struggle of “all power to the farmers’ association”, thebanner of Kuomintang abandoned, Chinese Communist proposes to establish a Soviet claim,and gradually speeds up the Soviet campaign. In the progress, because of an organ of statepower and the organizing mass movements, the farmers’ associations which is replaced bySoviet, poor peasant leagues and farmhand unions, progressively fades away, and ultimatelyretires from the scene.