The Predicament Of Deliberative Democracy In View Of Subject’s Limitations

Deliberative subject who take part in the deliberation plays an important role indeliberative democracy. Whether their status is equal and whether their value iscompatible influence their behavior and political decision. This paper choosesthese two aspects as subject’s limitations of deliberative democracy，thendescribes the predicament of deliberative democracy caused by them. Afteranalyzing its expression，cause，influence and theoretical response，the paperbriefly discusses the solution.The first part of the paper sets out the concept of the deliberative democracyand its core, and briefly discusses equality, getting rid of compulsory, using publicreason as the condition of deliberative democracy. When these conditions meet, itmakes the consultation showed its due value: strengthening the politicallegitimacy, cultivating the citizen virtue and controlling power inflation.The second part expounds the performances on the inequality of subjectstatus and the lack of the common value principle, then discusses the reasons arethe inequality of resource and capacity, and the lack of the pluralistic valuebetween ethnic identity.In the third part, the influence of subject’s limitations restricts deliberativedemocracy’s inclusiveness, effectiveness and efficiency. The representativeresponse of deliberative democracy theories is expanding public domain and improving system.Based on the discussion of the limitation of the deliberative democracy, theauthor thinks that the reasons of subject status inequality are the weakness ofcitizen consciousness and ability in the forth part. What’s more, the civilconsciousness and ability restrict the material, information, resource and manyother aspects in a certain degree. In addition, interpreting and using psychologicalmotivation when citizens participate in politics, the paper explores how tocultivate civic character by implicit education and practical education indimensions of society and school. Concretely speaking, there are two main waysat this stage. One is implicit education including behavioral implicit education andinstitutional implicit education. The other is participation in both of communityand student union which belong to practical education.