The Study Of Urban Transportation Management Based On The Public Goods Theory

With the help of the finding and developing of city, human beings’civilization was created. Different districts, cities, streets are connected by the traffic system. Traffic system powers the exchange between civilizations, and structures a circle. After30years economic construction, we witness the bloom of modern cities and their traffic system. But we also can’t omit the problems which appear with the development. Traffic system administration has been a hard knot. These problems contains:traffic jam, lack of public traffic facilities, the lack of the theory of city traffic construction.The paper is based on the attribute of city traffic administration, and take a mid-size city as sample. I will adopt quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to analyze the theory and data. Also I will introduce foreign experience and give the solutions. The thesis can be summarized as the following four aspects:government, organizations, interest groups and citizen, the process just because of its attribute, the public theory is needed.The urban transportation, as a typical public good, analyzing with the theory of the public good.So the features of quasi-public good are involved. And the urban transportation management in its consumption is of partial exclusive and crowded, so it can be deemed as the quasi-public goods.Quasi-public good with the nature of crowd cannot meet the increasing consumption demand of the urban inhabitants simply relying on the supply, because according to the related theory of the public good, in reality the urban transportation,due to the affecting of the non-ideal consumption or the egoism of the resident, can involve with the "positive externality" which indicates " the consumption with competition but without the exclusion" that merely relies on the thoughts of public management and the comprehensive management which scientifically conducted in the management of the public transportation can solve the related issues. Multi-center theory and spontaneous management theory in the public management theory will overweigh other theory in the analyzing and solving the problems of the urban transportation management. The development of urban transportation make the main body of the supply transform from the government to the government, society organization, residents organizations, and more. At the same time, the awakening of the civil society, the growth and the perfect of the social organization make more and more residents involved with the urban transportation, it objectively solid the feasible foundation of the management of the urban transportation. Through the analysis of the traffic management in a city of the middle area in China, it can find the following problem of the urban traffic management:the city traffic jams, lagging behind development of urban traffic facilities, poor urban traffic order.. Under the analysis of the theory of public management, urban traffic jams problem just rely on planning road by government, improving network and other measures,it can solve the urban traffic jams problem that involves the three bodies with the government, the society and the citizens. At the same time, the construction and maintenance of the the urban traffic order should rely on citizens’autonomous management. As a public product,the urban traffic inevitably face the difficulties which are the "the tragedy of the commons" and "difficulty in collective action" in the public choice theory. So,with the comprehensive analysis of the public qualitative analysis and the theory of public management theory, and actively use the advanced experience of the city traffic management from the domestic and the foreign, we can draw the relevant solutions:First,make clear the function of government and the direction of the public policy in the urban traffic planning; Second, properly bring into the third party department, and set up the new mode of the urban traffic management; Thirdly,optimize the public investmental mode of the urban transportation; Fourth,reform public control and the policy of the public price in the city traffic; Fifth,establish the citizens’participating system, participating the traffic management.