| From the twists and turns of the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol to the proposal of U.S. carbon tariffs, U.S. policy shift is not seized by a whim. As for the starting point of the establishment of a "carbon tariff" system, the United States actually is the object of tariff collection. Aware of the direction of the development of carbon tariffs and national interests, the United States begins to actively promote the implementation of carbon tariffs. Congress passing the "Clean Energy Security Act" in June2009and setting2020as binding period to start collection shows the intent of the United States to seize the carbon tariff initiative. As what the United States has declared, carbon tariff collection is for the mitigation of global warming and urging countries to fulfill their respective obligations in accordance with the framework of the Kyoto Protocol so as to achieve the goal of fair trade.However, it is not true. Carbon tariffs levy consists of complex strategic distributions of benefits. Therefore, the analysis of carbon tariffs can not be confined to the economic perspective, but should be extended to perspective of international politics and diplomacy.Through the analysis of background and causes of emergence of carbon tariff, this paper focused on a series of effects produced by carbon tariffs on China’s national economy as well as environmental diplomacy. Sorting out the ways and means of U.S. carbon tariffs theoretically and exploring China’s countermeasures in response to carbon tariff are of great importance for further development of China’s national economy and defense of national interests.The paper is divided into five chapters.First chapter is the introduction, stating the significance of the topic and studies review on carbon tariffs. It mainly concentrates the definition of carbon tariffs, influences on china and coping strategies to summarize the latest research developments at home and abroad and elaborate writing ideas and research methods of this article.Chapter II emphasizes on carbon tariffs history in the U.S. through analysis of international background and domestic background and interpretation of the carbon tariffs treaty along with experts’point of view, I define the content of carbon tariffs and perceive that the essence of the carbon tariff is a border adjustment measure.The third chapter analyses intention of Obama’s carbon tariff policy in terms of the study of classical realism, classical economics and new trade protectionism on the basis of international and domestic background. Then there follows the argument of necessity of carbon tariff collection from trade protection, increasing the fiscal tax and recovering environmental diplomatic discourse.Chapter V studies carbon tariffs’ influence on China:one is the influence on national economy; the other is the effects on environmental diplomacy. The influence on national economy mainly embodies in the influence of the industrial structure, import and export trade and energy intensive industry. The paper quotes a large number of data, charts to present the degree and scope of the influence objectively and accurately. Influence on the environmental diplomacy is mostly reflected in the right to formulate "carbon emissions" index,"carbon trading" pricing and "carbon tariffs" trade control. This article strives to do a qualitative and quantitative research of influence America’s carbon tariffs exert on China’s diplomacy through case analysis and empirical analysis.Chapter IV provides domestic alternative views and suggestions for China to deal with the carbon tariffs from international level. In the premises of changing ideas and low carbon policy, low carbon economy is promoted by the system innovation, the energy structure adjustment, optimization of industrial structure and technology innovation at home. The co-governance of the environment for China and America is based on seeking international support and strengthening international cooperation abroad. |
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