The Official Examination System Of Republican Period

As a part of culture system, modern civil service examination was first established in the western capitalist countries. In the Late Qing Dynasty, this system was introduced into China and later became an important way to select officials during the Republican period. This system initiated civil service examination system in modern China and had a profound effect on China’s politics and society during a certain historical period. The civil service examination system is an important part of political and personnel system during the Republican period, which is based on "Five Rights" put forward by Sun Yat-sen and "independent examination power" proposed during Nanjing provisional government period. It consulted and improved Chinese ancient imperial examination system and western modern civil service examination system. Civil service examination system was paid much attention to and greatly developed during the period of Beiyang Government. As a result, a system was basically formed including civil service examination, appointment, supervisory process, evaluation, disciplinary process and pension benefit. Nanjing National Government also attached great importance to the development and practice of the system and obtained remarkable results. Although at the end of this period, this system was more and more eroded and destroyed due to KMT’s gradual corruption, it played an active role to the selection of talents, the relaxation of social contradictions and the stability of the regime. Civil service examinations during the Republican Period, especially civil servant recruitment examination system, can be learnt from and referred to by our current personnel system. The selection of judge was paid attention to and the relevant examinations were practiced well, which are not only useful for judicial personnel selection at that time, but also provide ideas and experience for our upcoming judicial examination reform. Based on the theory of Marxist historical materialism and consulting relevant materials of Politics and China examination system history, this thesis tries to analyze preliminarily the historical heritage, rise process, content and evaluation of civil service examinations during the Republican Period. The cases of judge election system and results of practice lead to thorough and specific analysis. With the purpose of obtaining some revelation and experience for our current civil service examination system and judicial examination system reform, the research of this thesis has certain practical significance.