The Study On The Mode Of Relationship Between The CCP And Government In The Early Days Of China

The relationship between the party and the government is the basic, the most important and the most sensitive political relation in the political system of China. It represents the relationship between the Communist Party of China which took power in1949and the state power authority. When the People’s Republic of China was founded in1949, the new state political system was formed. As a revolutionary party in the beginning, the communist party of China became the only ruling party of the country. At that time, the new relationship between the party and the government was established. The research of the relationship between the party and government in the early days of new China is helpful for better understanding of the role of the Communist Party of China in state political life. And it is of assistance to the party who can summarize the experiences and lessons itself and enhance the ruling legitimacy. Moreover, it has important practical value for further reform of China’s political system and the harmonious and scientific development of the relationship between party and government.In the early days (1949-1956), the centralized leadership of the Communist Party of China was evolved from the revolution war and established fundamentally in socialist transformation period. National political system and party organization system were gradually set up from1949to1952. Then the relationship between the party and government was scientific and reasonable in theory and practice. After reform of the new tax system in1953, with the establishment of the system of requesting instructions and submitting reports, and the one-on-one leading system, the centralized leadership of the Communist Party of China was gradually formed after the first session of the National People’s Congress. It was not occasional but the result of many factors, which had a close relationship with the economic, political, cultural and social environment at that time. In terms of economic, the planned economic system of China required high concentration of political system. In the political field, firstly, the centralized leadership of the party produced in revolution war laid a historical basis for the development of the relationship between party and government at the beginning of the new China, which also played a restrictive role. Secondly, the highly centralized mode of Soviet Union which was the first socialist country had an inevitable effect to China. Thirdly, the leftist political thought of Mao Zedong who was the leader of the party interfered with the normal development of the relationship between party and government to some extent. In terms of culture, the traditional feudal ideas such as worship of authority and concentration of power provided the soil for the centralized leadership. Meanwhile, the situation of international and nation needed the centralized leadership.In this mode, the party carried out centralized leadership to the state power authority, which shown the characteristics of concentration of party power and the confusion of party and government. For example, the implement of party groups in state organs, the one-on-one leading system of the party to government departments, the level-to-level personnel management system of the state power authority, and the party interfere in judicial cases and so on. In this case, both the internal supervision system of the party and the supervision of the Democratic Parties are hard to work effectively.This mode was the product of the specific historical conditions at that time. It played a positive role to crush the blockade of imperialism, maintain the unity of the state and overcome difficult economic in the early days of new China. And it was helpful for the establishment of the socialist basic system and national economic system. While, after the socialist transformation, the internal principal contradiction changed fundamentally. China started comprehensive construction period. The problems that the mode does not adapt to the new situation were exposed gradually. In the long run, it does not only interfere with the operations of government but also weaken the legitimacy of the party in power, which limits the ruling ability and takes a toll on the socialist legal construction and development.After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, under the new situation of our country social economy, the CCP has realized the drawbacks of the centralized leadership of the Communist Party of China. And then the CCP produced great achievements both in theory and practice, which provides experiences for handling the relation between the party and government in a scientific way. At present, we should stick to the basic principle that the Party should lead the national power. And main leadership style of the CCP is political leadership. The principle of administration of law-based should be observed, which requiring operation of the power by law, institution, and procedure. The functional area and authority of the party and government are clearly defined by law, which can normalize the relation of the CCP and the government. Enhance thought construction, organization construction, work style construction and anti-corruption construction of the CCP. At the same time, it is necessary to make the Democratic Parties participate into political process and attach great importance to supervision of Democratic Parties. Finally, the party should adhere to the concept that it is built for the public and it exercises state power for the people, pay close attention to the interest of the mass appeal and accept the supervision of the people expecting to realize social political civilization actually. This is the fundamental value of the study.