Under The Background Of Aging Pension Benefits For Older Women Studies

Population aging is exacerbating in China. Thereinto, the quantity, scale, growth rate and life span expectancy of female aging population respectively surpasses the male aging population’s in our country,"feminization of aging population" and "feminization of the elderly population" becomes a significant tendency. Visibly, older women have become an extremely important and can not be ignored group throughout our aging population, are the focus of the study for China’s aging population. To some extent, the problems of the elderly population are the older women’s issues. Focus on the pension problems of female aging population is the key of solving our country’s population aging problem.Since China has entered the aging society in2000, the number of the elderly population growing constantly, the elderly coefficient increased year by year, the pension issues become increasingly prominent. The sixth national census data show that China’s60years old and over population reached178million, accounting for13.26%of the total population; the population aged65and above is119million, accounting for8.87%. So far, China’s elderly population number of60years old and over and aged65and above were more than the corresponding number of the elderly population in the whole of Europe,158million and118million. It is predicted that the proportion of China’s60years old and above older population will exceed30%by2050, and society will go into the depth of the aging stage. Obviously, China’s population aging is an irreversible trend in the next period of time. Responding and solving the pension problem, especially older women’s pension issue has become a top priority. But the problem still has not yet attracted enough attention, few large-scale special investigations and research related to China’s pension problems of elderly women, in particular, little attention to the significant gender differences of the sexes exists in the pension, less analysis from the perspective of gender differences. Therefore, study China’s pension problems of elderly women is of great theoretical and practical significance.The study focused on the perspective of gender differences, With gender theory, Rawls’justice theory, Maslow’needs hierarchy theory, human capital investment theory for support, through the list of realistic data, detailed, deeply analyze and describe the number, large scale, fast growth, aging and empty nest and other features, reveal China’s aging population on the basis of the status and trends of the female population aging, and further the reality of China’s older women facing pension dilemma:the low level of income, economic independence of poor, a single source of income and mainly relies on the family, the low level of social security; poor health, fewer medical and health resources; lack of life care and spiritual solace; family attachment and low social status. And from the historical, social, institutional, education, employment and other multi-layer point of view, deep excavation into the pension plight of the causes of older women, including:public value systems and gender cultural traditions, the imperfect system of pension insurance and the mandatory retirement age system, women to low levels of education, female low labor force participation. Ultimately, Pertinently puts forward the elderly women get rid of endowment predicament of countermeasures, such as design truly reflects the gender equality in pension insurance system; establish a flexible retirement system and women can independently determine the retirement age; expand the coverage of the social security system to the benefit of elderly women; improve the wills allowance system, the timely introduction of the social security system; improve the new rural social endowment insurance system, to speed up the construction of rural communities; improve education policy and training policy, and enhance the quality of the women’s own; sound labor market policies to increase female labor force participation rate; gradually expand the field of the social participation of elderly women.