Marx's Research On Social Welfare Thought

The formation and development of Marx’s social welfare thoughts has experienced three stages. The first stage is the germination period symbolized by1844Manuscript of economics and philosophy. In this manuscript, Marx begins the empirical study on social members. He deeply analyzes wage, profit, alienation of labor and some other core questions, which lays a theoretical basis of Marx’s future communist theory. The second stage is represented by Communist Manifesto which is the milestone of the development of Marx’s social welfare thoughts. In the manifesto, Marx, from the aspect of analyzing the nature of class, discloses the origin of capitalism business crisis, as well as the inevitable course of getting rid of the crisis. Additionally, Marx points out that the real purpose of social welfare system construction is to realize the co-development of the mankind. The third stage takes Das capital as a symbol, which denotes the mature period of Marx’s social welfare thoughts. In this book, Marx elaborates the theory of surplus value in detail, reveals thoroughly the fact that the working class is exploited by the capital class, and explores the real social reason that the laborers cannot benefit from social welfare treats.Marx’s social welfare thoughts include three central elements which are welfare subjects, allocation rules and object location. In his works, Marx expounds the right status of the proletariat and laborers in the welfare system. Through the research of the national income distribution mechanism in capitalism society, Marx thinks the welfare distribution system needed in a society should take the balanced development of laborers as the standard. Realizing the all-round development of mankind is the object location of Marx’s social welfare thoughts.There are three basic characteristics of Marx’s social welfare thoughts. To be specific, one is the righteousness of social welfare property. The second is the unity of people’s livelihood concern and ideal system construction. The third is the concern directing of the ultimate value of human liberation.At the present, the welfare system construction in China needs changes from filling up the deficiency to general benefit. The benefit distribution system needs to be improved further, and at the same time,"three unification" needs to be fulfilled. Marx’s social welfare thoughts provide an important theoretical reference and a practical guide for China’s social welfare system construction.