The Application Of The Motivational Theories For Improving Postgraduate Training Qualities

From1998to now, the Chinese universities have implemented thepolicy of recruiting for more than10years. The number of postgraduates has alsoincreased. The number has come to more than one million. According to the plan ofministry of education, the number of postgraduates will reach two million. Theeducation of postgraduates is the important step for “rejuvenating the country throughscience” and for training high-level talents. Although the expanding of thepostgraduates’ enrollment scale meets the demand of the development of society for thehigh-level talents, the quality of postgraduate has increasingly become the focus ofhigher education during the fast development of postgraduate education. How toimprove the function of the motivational theories for the quality of postgraduate trainingand how to improve the enthusiasm in study and research through motivation hasbecome the main issues in the management of postgraduate.On the basis of studying the concept of motivation, the hierarchy of needs theory,ERG theory, two factors theory, goal setting theory, expectancy theory, et al. and thepsychological characteristics of postgraduate, the paper analyses that the quality ofpostgraduate training needs to increase and highlight the function of motivationaltheories in the process of postgraduate education.At present, the main problems that should be paid attention to during motivatingpostgraduates are:①the problem of motivational flexibility;②the problem ofmotivational time;③the problem of single motivational form;④t he problem oftheeffect of motivation. On the basis of researching and analyzing the American andJapanese postgraduate training, this article draws lessons from their advancedmotivational experience. According to the hierarchy of needs theory, ERG theory,achievement theory, expectancy theory, et al. and through analyzing the reason why thequality of postgraduate training is very lower, this paper puts forward to severalmeasures to enhance the affect of motivation in the process of postgraduate training:①to reform the teaching and curriculum system and make the aim of postgraduatetraining clear;②to increasemore money of award and aid for motivating postgraduatesand perfect the evaluation system of award and aid;③to strengthen the responsibility oftutors for postgraduates and exert the function of tutors in the process of postgraduate training;④t oenhance the construction of campus culture and build all-round,harmonious educational environment.