The Research On The Transition Between Sports Participation And Public Sports Service Utilization Of Rural Migrant Workers In China

Since June1995when the State Council promulgated "The National Fitness Programme", the national fitness sports activities have been widely publicized and developed in China, meanwhile State General Administration of Sports has invested massive manpower and material resources in order to arouse people’s enthusiasm to participate in sports, cultivate their awareness of lifelong sports and improve their physique. Today the construction of public sports facilities is developing rapidly and the behavior of public sports service is maturing daily. But it is worth further investigation and assessment whether the public sports service can be effectively implemented or people, especially the vulnerable groups, such as the rural migrant workers, can also benefit from the service. Through the investigation into their situation of physical training and their utilization of public sports facilities&services behavior, this thesis not only analyses the reasons that hinder domestic migrant workers from utilizing public sports service system, but also explores the efficient ways for them to utilize public sports service, so as to arouse migrant workers’enthusiasm to participate in physical training and improve their physique. Therefore, scholars need to take corresponding measures and carry on a thorough research to better protect sports rights of migrant workers and promote the further perfection of domestic public sports service system.The extent of migrant workers participating in physical training influences the publicity and national scope of public sports service, which is an important basis to test the comprehensiveness of public sports service. The group of migrant workers should be the focus of public sports service. Since migrant workers live in a situation different from the general population of mainstream, they cannot efficiently and actively utilize public sports service system to serve their own physical training. The factors, such as migrant workers’life style, work environment, psychological status and education degree, require that public sports service should be targeted and focused service. But at present, the construction of public sports service system in China is not perfect enough and there still exist some blind areas in the legal safeguard of public sports service, which can neither achieve the balance in its true sense, nor guarantee the rights of all groups to enjoy service equally. This thesis intends to explore the effective ways to connect migrant workers’physical training with public sports service to ensure that migrant workers enjoy their rights of physical training equally. It can improve migrant workers’physique and promote the national fitness smoothly. On a larger scale, it can promote social equality&justice as well as improve social security&harmonyWith the adoption of the documentation, questionnaire survey, field interview and mathematical statistics, this thesis investigates the current situation of domestic migrant workers’sports participation and public sports service. Through analysing the reasons hindering migrant workers from participating in physical training and utilizing public sports service system, the following conclusions can be drawn:Firstly, public sports facilities are the material basis of sports participation. Based on the principles of common benefit, proximity and convenience, the construction of domestic public sports facilities should be developed with a combination of fitness, entertainment, recreation and popularity. But the coverage area is to be expanded, which is not economical and practical enough. Secondly, public sports service is the condition and complement of sports activities participation. Although domestic public sports service system is perfecting, service quality is improving and service staffs quality is strengthening, there still exist blind areas of service. Thirdly, public sports service safeguard system is the premise of sports participation. But the public sports service safeguard system in China is to be perfected and the interests communication channels for social vulnerable groups are blocked. Fourthly, living in poor economic conditions, domestic migrant workers neither have strong awareness of sports participation, nor have enough knowledge of sports fitness value under high labor intensity as well as great physical and mental pressure. Fifthly, domestic migrant workers have low utilization rate of public sports facilities. It is difficult to find them in the charged sports facilities while the open sports park and square are favored by them. Sixthly, domestic migrant workers are not familiar with the public sports service behavior system, so they do not know how to utilize it. Seventhly, domestic migrant workers do not understand the public sports service safeguard mechanism, so they do not know they can defend their rights of sports behavior under the law.On the basis of summarizing the current situation and analysing the reasons, the following suggestions are put forward combined with the migrant workers’own characteristics and the public sports service content. Firstly, the migrant workers should study harder the physical training effects and re-recognize its fitness value in order to overcome their psychological barriers and restore confidence. The migrant workers should be trained sports skills and lifelong physical awareness from the school sports. Secondly, the publicity of the public sports information should be increased to improve the awareness of social vulnerable groups to participate in physical training. Thirdly, the sports organizations should strengthen their contacts with communities, work units and migrant workers unions to organize sports activities regularly. Fourthly, the guidance of migrant workers’sports activities should be strengthened to make them participate in physical training actively and promote scientific&effective fitness methods. Fifthly, capital investment should be increased to strengthen the service of monitoring migrant workers’physique. Sixthly, efforts should be made to develop a whole set of scientific, effective and quantifiable physical evaluation system. The allocation of limited sports resources should be optimized, the management of sports service departments and the level of public sports service should also be improved. Seventhly, the construction of sports law should be perfected to provide legal protection for migrant workers’sports participation. Eighthly, the sports facilities should be updated and maintained timely. Based on the principles of common benefit, proximity and convenience, the construction of public sports facilities should be convenient for migrant workers to participate in physical training.