A Comparative Study On The Measurement And Evaluation In Chinese And American Geography Textbook For Junior Middle Schools

The geography educational measurement and evaluation is always paid highly attention by the geography educators, geography teachers and students during their teaching and studying the geography. The part of measurement and evaluation which mentioned below here is pointed to the content that is planned to access the achievement of student, grasp the status about teaching and studying, and diagnose the problems which student may be encountered.According to the different methods of classification, the measurement and evaluation parts can be divided into different types. In the light of the educational measurement and evaluation goals, they can be divided into memorizing measurement and evaluation, understanding measurement and evaluation, simple application measurement and evaluation and comprehensive measurement and evaluation; on the basis of different phase, it can be divided into before-chapters phase, in-chapter phase and after-chapter phase; according to the different educational function, it can be divided into map skills measurement and evaluation, analysis skills measurement and evaluation, and practical ability measurement and evaluation.Selecting junior middle school geography textbook from American and Chinese as the objects of the research, the author used the method of literature analysis, comparison and contrast, summarization and generalization to study the objects from the macro aspect to micro aspect. From a macro perspective, the paper is being discussed about the design concepts of measurement and evaluation, content structure and function. From a micro view, it is being talked about the selection of measuring content, the form of measurement and evaluation, and the expression of measurement and evaluation.By comparing and contrasting, the similarities and differences of measurement and evaluation part between American and Chinese geography textbook can be concluded as follows. As the development of the new geography curriculum reform, the design concept and function set of measurement and evaluation in Chinese textbook is aligning with the American’s. Nevertheless, about the content and structure of measurement and evaluation in American geography textbook are much richer and more complex. For choosing the measuring and evaluation points, both of Chinese and American geography textbook focus on the relationship among them. On the other side, both of them use a variety of evaluation methods and expression forms to achieve the function of checking teaching and learning outcomes.Except the below feature of American geography textbook, it also has some other features. For example, the textbook is written about the instruction of how to using the measurement and evaluation part. The measurement and evaluation parts are listed in the catalogue so that it is easy and convenient for teachers and students to find. The textbook also has the on-line assessment. All of these features can be regarded as the references and advantages during the process of editing and designing the Chinese textbook.