An Impact Study Of Health Motivation On College Students Quit Smoking Behavior

Abstract:Healthy motivation is one kind of internal driving force that the individual takes healthy as their target. It’s an essential factor affecting individual antismoking behavior and some other healthy behaviors. The research is divided into two parts.Part Ⅰ. The scale of antismoking healthy motivation is made by the author and the characteristics of antismoking healthy motivation among college smokers are further analyzed. The preliminary scale of antismoking healthy motivation is made according to the structural dimension of healthy motivation in Xu’s (2009) theoretical model of healthy motivation, together with the analysis of literature view and the result of open questionnaire. For521college smokers of six universities, the exploratory factor in preliminary scale is analyzed. For469college smokers of five universities, the confirmatory factory in formal scale is analyzed. Last, the characteristics of antismoking healthy motivation among469college smokers are analyzed in depth.Part Ⅱ. An experimental study is carried out concerning about the antismoking healthy motivation’s influence on college smokers’antismoking behavior.170college smokers from5universities are divided into five groups randomly. They are experimental group A (intervention once), experimental group B (intervention twice), experimental group C (intervention three times), experimental group D (intervention four times) and control group E (no intervention). Each group receives three tests: pretest To, posttest Ti (after one week) and tracing test T2(after one month). This experiment mainly studies two aspects. First, whether the posttest healthy motivation plays an intervening role between posttest healthy knowledge and posttest antismoking behavior with the Structural equation modeling. At the same time, whether the intervening conditions can indirectly affect the college smokers’ posttest smoking behavior through posttest healthy motivation by using the Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Second, investigate the long-term effect and short-term effect in intervention plans. Taking the difference quantity between T0、T1and T0、T2of the smoking capacity per day of subjects as the index of long-term effect and short-term effect. ANOVA is used to compare the results of different intervention and the two kinds of effect they can last among five groups.The result indicates that:(1) The main factors of college smokers’antismoking healthy motivation include the four aspects:desire, plan, action and persistence. It’s proved that the four factors can fit the presupposed model; thus the scale used has good reliability and validity, which is an appropriate tool to evaluate the college smokers’"antismoking healthy motivation".(2) The characteristics of college smokers’antismoking healthy motivation:First, the overall level of smoking cessation healthy motivation among college students is low. Most of them have the desire of quitting smoking for their healthy, but only a few plan, take action and insist on quitting smoking for their healthy. Second, the gender difference is significant in college smokers’ antismoking healthy motivation, in which the female have a higher score than the male. Third, the major difference is significant in college smokers’antismoking healthy motivation, in which the students majoring in art and sport have highest scores among the students of three majors. Fourth, the grade difference is significant in college smokers’antismoking healthy motivation, in which the third year students get the highest score, and the following ones are the fourth year students, second year students and first year students.(3) The mechanism of action of intervention plan shows two aspects. First, Healthy motivation has a mediating effect between healthy knowledge and quitting smoking behavior. For the healthy knowledge’s influence on quitting smoking behavior, the more is indirectly affected by the healthy motivation. Second, intervening condition (experimental groups) can indirectly predict the effect of the undergraduates’quitting behavior by the intervention components (posttest healthy motivation).(4) The short-term effect of experimental intervention is significant. The long-term effect of experimental intervention is also significant. In the four groups, the short-term effect of intervention from low to high is group B, group C, group A and group D. Then, the long-term effect of intervention from low to high is group A, group B, group C and group D. However, there is no difference in the control group E(close to0).