| In the past20years, China has enjoyed a fast growing economy period. As aresult, more and more students holded university degrees, salaries and welfare rised,living standards improved. China was simply gradually catching up the developedcountries. At the same time, the employment situation became increasingly complexso that employement issue has now become one of the most important issues in China.Many Chinese university graduates are facing more and more difficulties to find a jobor only find low salary jobs. Indeed,20years ago, the difference in the1stjob salarybetween university graduates and non-university graduates was approximately of2or3. Since then, it seems that it has gradually decreased and currently does not evenreach1in some cities.As Shen Ying (2006) warned us, Chinese university students too often have anunrealistic rosy view of their future employment situation. As a matter of fact,holding a university degree does not guarantee anymore a peaceful and wealthy future.But more importantly is maybe the fact that the parents are still investing for obscurereasons in costly superior studies (university fees increased20times in10years) fortheir children. Because20years ago, it was easier to find a good job, many parentsstill believe that sending their children will make them rich. These parents are onlyblindly following a society trend and consequently got trapped in the school fees debttrap。That’s why, this papers aims to analyze these unemployment and low salarytrends and changes.Over the last10years, many scientific researchers have discussed aboutChinese employment problems and economic trends (Chen Weizheng, Li Guiliao,Zhang Dezhi, Quan Heng, Zhang Haiyan, Bai Ling, etc…). Among them, ChenWeizheng and Li Guiliao (2007) showed that university students compared to otherfreshgraduates are facing far more difficulties, their unemployment rate reaching2times as much as the other freshgraduates’s one. Not only do universityfreshgraduates have to face unemployment issue, but they also face “low” salary issuethat can become very serious in some high living costs cities in China (Yang Juan,2010; Lin Yuming2006). One survey made by the China Labour and Social securityBureau Society revealed: in2006, migrant workers average monthly wage was1100 yuans while university freshgraduates wage was only1000yuans. As Lin Yumingwarned us in2006, Chinese government should carefully tackle this issue. Otherwise,the enthutiasm of people to make superior studies will be hurt. At the same time, LinYuming found four main reasons of this phenomenon. First, the number of universitygraduates far exceeds the needs of the labor market. The more university graduatesthere are, the higher are their expectancies towards work, the higher theirunemployment is. Secondly, low wages are linked with employment needs andemployment structure. Third, low wages are also influenced by the lack of workexperience of the university students. Lastly, low wages are also related with theunefficiency of the university to adapt their structure. Lin Yuming also providedsome insights to solve these issues like reducing the enterprises’ power at therecruiting process, protecting the university graduates rights and powers. He alsodiscussed about implementing a university student minimum salary standard.However, in all these papers, most of them do not deeply analyze thephenomenon roots and only propose some general solutions. Besides, the other papers,which analyzed the roots, all lack of scientific and quantitative analysis. Until now,no one has reasearched yet Chinese university freshgraduates unemployment and lowsalary issues.Based on the work of Lin Yuming, this paper aims to analyze the difference infirst salary between university and non-university graduates as well as unemploymenthistorical evolution from different angles including educational attainment, industry,etc… Through scientific and statistical tools, this paper aims to identify the roots ofthese phenomena in order to improve Chinese graduate employment. |
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