| Occupational structure as an important part of the social structure, not onlyreflects the social structure of a country or a region, but also is an important indicatorabout the level of modernization. Occupation activities are closely related to economy.Occupational structure is the proportional relation that population in economicactivities distributes in all kinds of occupations. It reflects the occupation compositionof a country or a region and is one of the important indicators for the development ofthe region. From the respective that Jilin province is in a critical period of economicdevelopment and social transformation, the research on the subject of theoccupational structure has an important theoretical value and practical significanceSince2000, population growth is very slow in Jilin province, the working-agepopulation proportion is higher than the national average level, but the growth rate is low, population educational level has been greatly improved; GDP grows steadily, theadded value of tertiary industries accounting for GDP shows different trends.Among them, the proportion of primary industry declined rapidly; the proportion ofsecondary industry improved increasingly; that of the tertiary industry grow slowlyand even declines in some years.Compared with2000, in2010, the population of occupation structure presentsthe character of unbalanced development in Jilin province. Including that: althoughthe proportion fell significantly in agriculture, the overall level is still high; theproportion of the stuff that works on production、transportation and equipmentoperation is relatively low; the proportion that the stuff works in tertiary industrygrows rapidly, but larger space for development exits; the person that work in thestate organs、enterprises and institutions responsible person and professional andtechnical person are still lacking. From the age and sex structure of populationoccupation, professional and technical person in Jilin province showed the trend ofyounger, young agricultural labor proportion has decreased significantly; and thegender imbalance in the structure of population occupation is very significant, the male have more advantage in occupation choice than womenFrom the viewpoint of spatial distribution about occupation structure, occupationstructure of population has a close relationship to economic structure in each region.Overall, occupation structure shows a significant problem about imbalancedevelopment, namely that: farming population in most areas still relativelyconcentrates the distribution of industrial population is not balanced, regions withhigh specialization state in intellectual occupation are still relatively scarce. From thespecific point of view,, the proportions of the person working in state organs、theresponsible person of enterprises and institution、professional and technical personand the officers are very high in the cities like Changchun、 Tonghua、Baishan andYanbian, as well as that in commerce and service industry. The indicator is higherthan the average level of the province. the proportions of person working in theproduction、transport and equipment operation are higher than the average level of theprovince in Baishan、 Yanbian、 Jilin、 Tonghua and Liaoyuan. Except Baishan andYanbian, farming people is more than50%in the province.According to the low level of occupation structure in Jilin Province and the problem of unbalanced development and considering the goal of population andeconomic development of Jilin province, some policies and measures should beadopted in order to promote the adjustment and optimization of occupation structure.First of all, we should strength the construction of agricultural modernization andrealize the transform of agricultural production mode from extensive to intensive.Secondly, we should optimize and upgrade the industrial structure to speed upproduction, strive to eliminate trade barriers, and strength policy support to thecommerce and service industry to promote them playing a greater role in theoccupation structure transformation; Again, we should exert regional advantages,promote the integrated development of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen area, reduce theregional development gap; Finally, we should strength high education and theoccupation training, provide broad channels for the occupation mobility of theemployed population... |
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