Taiyuan Sports Team Juvenile Sprinters Rapid Ability Experimental Study

Sprint is the oldest competitive sport of track and fieldcompetition and the most common project to be carried out. It is atypical project in speed dominated by physical ability, emphasizing"fast". Sprinters rapid ability is the core of the sprint athletes intraining. Youth training phase is the basic training phase, andscientific nature and comprehensive of training must be emphasized.However, many outstanding young sprinters when they aredisappeared as adults. After investigation, training methods used intraining rapid capabilities of sprinters are of adult tendency, manyscholars and coaches focus on physical fitness and skills, ignoringthe role of mental ability, tactical and intelligent in sprint training. Inthis paper, using literature, logical analysis, questionnaire,mathematical statistics and experimental method, the way to trainJuvenile Sprinters with rapid ability is analysis from a theoretical andpractical level.Theoretically based on the physiological and psychologicalcharacteristics of the adolescent and characteristics of sprintproject, according to the five competitive ability toscreen the rapid ability to cultivate Juvenile Sprinters36training method, and12typical indexes which reflect the rapid abilityof Juvenile Sprinters are identified. Eight sprinters as experimental subjects from sports team ofTaiyuan, base on the realistic state of eight sprinters to developtraining plan. Then, practice a three-month training experiment.According to the test and statists of the experiments, the top fivecompetitive ability, special achievements and rapid ability of theeight juvenile sprinters have improved. The following conclusions canbe obtained:1、 Psychological and physiological levels of adolescents aredifferent from adults. They are not mature physically andpsychologically and it shows instability. The training methods foradolescents should meet their age group, reflecting systematizationand diversification.2、Training methods for rapid ability of Juvenile Sprinters include:physical indicators, indicators of skill, mental ability indicators,tactical ability indicators and smart index. According to thecharacteristics of sprint, the greatest impacts for rapid ability isphysical indicators and skills indicators, and good mental ability,tactical ability and intelligence play a positive role in support ofimproving rapid ability.3、The effective indicators reflect the rapid ability of JuvenileSprinters are the following five aspects: physical strength, skill, andtactical ability, mental ability and intelligent, together with twelvetypical indicators. They are road between the30-meter dash,60meters stand of starting,150meter race, Standing long jump,standing triple jump, before and after throwing shot put,30m stepfrequency marching, marching30meters stride, game scenariosimulation tests,100meters to run50meters after the determination, the determination of time perception and theoretical knowledge ofthe relevant professional tests.4、It is proved though experiments that the training methods basedon physical fitness, skills, mental ability, tactical ability and theintelligence screening, diagnosis according to the existing state ofsprinters and make training plan, on Juvenile Sprinters rapid abilityare effectively improved. Physical, mental, ability and intelligence toimprove evident, skills and tactics ability raise less, in the future tostrengthen the training of athletes in training and reasonableallocation rate.5、The training methods for rapid ability of Juvenile Sprintersshould base on the traditional physical and skills training, andcombine the characteristics of Sprint and the psychological ability,tactical ability and intelligence training supplementary.6、Train the rapid ability of Juvenile Sprinters, to improve theathlete’s special performance plays a very important role.