The Relationship Between Functional Status And The Changes Of Microcirculation Indices Of Elite Male Rowers In Different Training Periods Before The Olympic Games

Research objective: Microcirculation, as the distal part of the human circulatorysystem, is directly involved in the mass exchange between the cell and tissue,Microcirculation plays an immeasurable role in the process of circulation. It is called"the second heart" of the body in the medical profession. Aerobic endurance sportsdemanded more from the body blood circulation, and so far there is no correlationalstudy in which microcirculation indices were applied to the rower monitoring ofperformance status and training. In recent years, because of the innovation of thetest technology and equipment of microcirculation in vivo observation and theapplication of mathematical statistics method, the study of microcirculation has beenmade, and the microcirculation detection was applied to monitoring of performancestatus, which enriches the content, method and means of sports scientific research.Toobserve the microcirculation index and performance status change before majormatches and to discuss the relationship between microcirculation index andperformance status of male elite rowers. At the same time, by observing differentathletes’ microcirculation after training, studies of the individual changes ofmicrocirculation are made. This study could broaden application range innon-invasive index in evaluation of athletes’ performance status, could make up theshortfall of the invasive monitoring, and improve the accuracy and reliability ofassessing performance status. It is a great significance to establish the system ofperformance status and to innovate the evaluation method.Methods:1. eight male lightweight rowers of Chinese National Rowing Team wereinvestigated in different training periods.2. Program: According to the training plan,Mar.5-Apr.2was the first phase (before Spring Championship), Apr.9-Apr.28wasthe second phase (before World Cup Championship), and Jun.4-Jul.15was the thirdphase (before the Olympic Games). In the three training phases, blood samples weretaken every Monday morning before eating breakfast, and micro-circulation indiceswere collected with PeriFlux5000system on the same day. Observe three trainingsessions on June24th, June28thand July6th, and record training content. In training,blood lactic acid (Bla) was measured, and microcirculation indices were collected30minutes after training.3. The microcirculation indices include PU, CMBC, V, TcPO2and TcPCO2. The performance indices include heart rat（eHR）, SpO2, testosterone (T),cortisol(C), blood urea (BU), creatine kinase (CK), hemoglobin (Hb).Results:1. In the three training phases before the Olympic Games, Hb and RBCreduced obviously in the first phase, increased in the second phase and hit the top in the third phase. BU and CK increased at the end of the first phase and then stayedstable, but reduced in the third phase. T decreased in the first phase and increased inthe last two phases. T/C kept steady in first two phases and increased obviously in thethird phase.2. Biceps brachii CMBC before heating reduced slightly in the secondphase, stayed stable in the first phase and the third phase; CMBC after heating and thedifference before and after heating had no obvious changes in the first phase and thethird phase, but increased significantly in the second phase. Quadriceps femorisCMBC before heating rose stepwise in the three phases. CMBC after heating anddifference before and after heating had no obvious changes in the first phase and thethird phase, but only increased significantly in the second phase. Biceps brachii Vbefore heating reduced in the second phase compared to the first phase and the thirdphase. V after heating in the third phase was significantly higher than in the other twophases. The difference of V before and after heating rose stepwise in the three phases.Quadriceps femoris V before heating stayed stable in the first two phases andincreased slightly in the third phase. V after heating increased in the last two phases.The difference of V before and after heating in the second phase was significantlyhigher than in the other two phases. Biceps brachii PU before heating decreasedobviously in the second phase, but had no obvious change in the first phase and in thethird phase. PU after heating and the difference before and after heating in the last twophases were higher than in the first phase. PU in the second phase increased obviously.Quadriceps femoris before heating rose stepwise in the three phases. PU after heatingand the difference before and after heating in the last two phases were higher than inthe first phase, but increased more in the second phase. TcPO2was significantly higherin the second phase than in the other two phases. TcPCO2stayed stable in the wholeperiod.3. Three athletes’ performance after training: When the Bla of Zhang XXincreased, the PU, the CMBC, and the TcPO2went up. But the Bla was too high,resulting in the decline of its function. When the Bla of Wu XX increased, the V andthe TcPO2were raised. When the Bla of Sun XX increased, the CMBC had increasedslightly, while the PU and the V along with the increase of the Bla went slightly down.4. The correlation coefficient between Biceps brachii CMBC before heating and CK,r=-0.626, P<0.05; that with BU, r=-0.689, P<0.01. The correlation coefficient betweenBiceps brachii PU before heating and CK, r=-0.639, P<0.05; that with BU, r=-0.708,P<0.01. The correlation coefficient between Biceps brachii PU after heating and RBC,t=0.440, P<0.05. The correlation coefficient between Biceps brachii V after heatingand Hb, r=0.630, P<0.05; that with RBC, r=0.690, P<0.01. The difference before and after heating of the correlation coefficient between Biceps brachii V and Hb,r=0.639,P<0.05; that with RBC, r=0.665, P<0.05.Conclusion:1.the characteristics of performance status in different phases: in the highvolume training phase, the athletes performance status dropped, having cumulativefatigue; in the training phase in which training intensity increased while trainingvolume relatively reduced, the athletes performance status picked up, and it provedthat BU and CK were the sensitive indices to reflect the training volume and trainingintensity; In the comprehensive preparation phase in which high intensity trainingproportion increased and the volume remained. Compared to the previous phase, theperformance status improved, but it was on the decline in this phase, and the athleteshad cumulative fatigue.2. The dynamic changes of microcirculation indices could reflect the ability to carryoxygen. The form of microcirculation indices PU, CMBC, TcPO2and TcPCO2changewere low-high-low in the whole training phase. In training intensity increasing andvolume reduction phase, the ability to carry oxygen was good.3. With moderate intensity training, the stimulus of Bla was good for the body and thebody microcirculation function was promoted; With high intensity training,thestimulus of Bla was adverse to the body, leading to the microcirculation functionaldisorder. But the threshold is defined according to individual ability and the traininglevel, and there is an obvious individual difference.4. There is a correlation between microcirculation indices and performance stateindices, with almost the same changing trend. To a certain extent, microcirculationindices can evaluate athletes’ performance status, expanding application range innon-invasive index in evaluation of athletes’ performance status.