Principals’ Role Adaptation And Coping Mechanisms On Exchanging Background Between Urban And Rural

This paper focuses on192principals from urban and rural areas in Liao Ning andHe Nan provinces. It uses The Questionnaire of Principals’ Role Adaption onExchanging Background between Urban and Rural, which was filed by the author, asthe research tool. Through exploratory analysis, verification analysis, T test andvariance analysis, it studies the principals’ role adaption at the early stage ofexchanging. Thanks to the data analysis result, plus thorough interviews to them, itdiscusses their action characteristics and their formation. By finding the rules behindand influential factors, the paper proposes a coping mechanism for the principals fortheir role adaption issues. Thus, it can be used as training material before exchangingand a guide reference in their practical work.Conclusion:1. The Questionnaire includes four dimensions: post acceptance, role awareness,workload taking and interpersonal relationship management.2. Their role adaption ability differs upon teaching years, school hoppingexperiences, exchanging type (urban to rural or vice versa) and gap between schools.As shown,（1）Principals with11-15years of teaching serve as the key for their bestperformance at interpersonal relationship management, however lowest one atworkload taking.（2）Movements in similar level schools, i.e., from general to general schools, orkey to key schools, contribute to the adaption rather than movement between differentlevels, i.e., from general to key school, or key to general school.（3）Principals exchanged from rural to urban adapts better than the ones fromurban to rural.（4）Principals moved to a new school with little gap to the old school performbetter at role adaption than those with big gap between the new and the old schools.3. Influential factors in role adaption mainly include regional difference, rolesetting, fall in expectancy and reality, and leadership.4. The coping mechanism has two parts: internal and external systems. The internal system helps to refill the role awareness, to improve coordinating skills, toface stress in role taking and to enhance school management ability; while theexternal system contains four aspects: to improving training program for principals,optimizing work encouragement treatment, establish object-oriented policy andbettering resource allocation.Till now, research on the topic of principals’ role adaption on exchangingbackground between urban and rural areas has not been paid enough attention by thegovernment, education department or schools at basic level. However, this paper, byanalyzing examples, obtains data and conclusions to the topic. With live interviewscase by case, it can guide in development and popularization of principals’exchanging and role adaption on the background between the urban and the rural.