A Study On The Equilibrium Mechanism And Guidance Mechanism Of Cooperative R&D Of Enterprise In Industrial Cluster

Nowadays，with the environment of competition in global market，technology is updatingand developing, the risk of investment, the complementary of resources and knowledge areincreasing, which make technological innovation complex day by day. In order to remain thesustained advantage in competition, more and more enterprises recognize that it is necessary tocooperate with other external organizations to make the complementation of advantage, sharingthe resources and interests, dispersing the risk, come true.Industrial cluster, which is an important part of regional economic in our country, becomesimportant force to promote the development of economic. Plenty of industrial clusters have arisensince the reform and opening, which are widespread in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guangdongprovince. In industrial clusters, enterprises divide work clearly and form a complementary system,they work competitively and cooperatively; the geographical distance decreases transaction costand opportunism, the sharing of resources and information is promoted, meanwhile, scaleeconomy is formed. Therefore, the cooperative R&D in industrial cluster means a lot to improvethe ability of technological innovation and upgrade industrial structure.This paper focused on the cooperative R&D of enterprise of industrial cluster in Zhejiangprovince. Firstly, on basis of theory of industrial cluster and cooperative R&D，we analyzedadvantages of cooperative R&D in industrial cluster, compared to independent R&D, which couldshare the costs and risk of technological innovation, integrate the resources. Then based on thetechnological innovation of industrial cluster in Zhejiang province, this paper studied influence totechnological innovation by the homogeneity and dispersion of cluster, which proved cooperativeR&D of industrial cluster was necessary. After the research of theory and reality, a three stagesgame model which n enterprises in cluster took part in were brought in this paper, the condition toachieve the cooperative equilibrium for enterprises in the industrial cluster was calculated, and theequilibrium scale which was formed naturally and optimal scale which made social welfaremaximum were carried out. With the C programs and numerical simulation, the relationshipamong spillover rate, equilibrium scale and optimal scale was studied; the relationship betweenthe number of enterprises in the industry and social welfare, individual profit of cooperativemembers was analyzed. At last, according to the data and conclusions of game model, theinfluence to game equilibrium from social capital, industry association and government wasanalyzed; the guidance mechanism to promote cooperative R&D of enterprise in industrial clusterwere proposed. In the background of shoes industrial cluster in Wenzhou, the situation ofcooperative R&D in cluster was introduced; in further, the coordination and guidance to cooperative R&D in shoes industrial cluster from social capital, industry association andgovernment were studied. The innovation of this paper was as follows: the three stage gamemodel of n enterprise was built, according to the result from numerical simulation andprogramming calculation, the scale of cooperative R&D and the relationship between variateswere analyzed; the guidance mechanism to formation of cooperative R&D from the angle ofsocial capital, industry association and government was studied, it made sense to the developmentof other industrial clusters.