Analysis On Distribution Pattern And Its Temporal-spatial Variation About Development And Utilization Of Bulk Energy In China

With the development of economy, the dependence of human on energy is gradually enhanced. As a basic strategic resource, energy plays an important role in the development of society with its irreplaceable status.The economic development has led to the increase in the scale of energy consumption and energy production. China has successively become the world’s largest energy producer and energy consumer. The contradiction between the supply and requirement of energy is becoming aculeate increasingly in China. The bulk energy is the main energy use in a country.So analysis on distribution pattern and its temporal-spatial variation about development and utilization of bulk energy in China has the important guiding significance for China to formulate feasible energy strategy to solve the problem of sustainable use of energy.This paper focuses on the analysis of the regional differences about energy production, energy consumption and energy flow in development and utilization system of energy in China. It also analyzes the relationship between energy and economic development in31provinces, China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) during1997-2008on the basis of energy geography, energy economics and regional economics. This study analyzes the characteristics of the regional pattern of evolution and the law of barycenter motion of energy production, energy consumption and economic development in31provinces, China (excluding Ⅰ long Kong, Macao and Taiwan) during1997-2008.Lead in the barycenter model to study on variation characteristics of energy production, energy consumption and economic development,then analyses the relationship and regional dislocation between them. At the same time, this study inquires into the geographical category on the energy flow of the provinces according to the data in1997-2008of the transferred fossil energy. Following that, the space-time variation character of energy How is studied in provincial scale. And its driving force is discussed.The results show that:(1) With the development of economy in China, especially since the implementation of China’s Western Development Program, Energy production, especially oil and gas showed the trend of fast promoting to westward the rapid westward, regional change of Energy total consumption was slow,but the oil consumption promoted to westward,and the natural gas consumption approached equilibrium between regionals. With the opposition of the direction that the Barycenter of economic moved,the Barycenter of energy production moved to westward. The economic difference between eastward and westward was expaneded. This explains that the Western Development Program caused large-scale development of energy, but did not promote the regional economic development.(2) The regional pattern of energy production, energy consumption and economic development exist regional dislocation and display position of barycenter appears obvious dislocation. Furthermore, the degree of dislocation shows a growing trend with the regional change of energy production, energy consumption and economic development. And This phenomenon would continue to increasethe pressure of energy transport in China. There is a high correlation between economic development and energy consumption. There are more energy consumption in this area where the economic is more developed.And There are more energy consumption in these area with a high economic level. And it’s lower in economic level where has a high energy production.(3) Unit energy consumption in China presents the trend of decreasing. But the energy inputs are still many times in energy outputs. The economic development of regions in which energy is high outputted is often more extensive. The energy advantages can’t be converted into economic advantages in these regions, such as Midwestern regions in North China. The energy use is more efficient in the regions which have no resources advantage, such as China’s Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta region. So lo achieve the sustainable development of energy, we should advocate energy conservation in regions which have more energy and try to convert the resource advantage into economic advantage.(4) The fossil energy transporting scale presents an enlarged posture and the number of the region which participate regional collaboration of energy is also increased during1997-2008in China, showing the characters of the focus on the input flow and the dispersion of convergence. With the increase in energy demand, the energy gap is bigger and bigger in many provinces. So these provinces have no choice but to seek regional cooperation to solve the energy problem. Energy is surplus in the central and western regions and shortage in eastern regions in China, so that the pattern of transporting the energy from West to East is formed in China.(5) Regional imbalance in energy production and consumption is the fundamental driving force of the energy flow. The improvement of the transport channel promotes the flow of energy between regions. And the price is the signal of the flow between regions of energy.(6) The coal in China is transported by railway or waterway combined railway. Oil is transported by the combination of pipeline transport and water transport. And the transport of natural gas mainly depends on the pipeline of the West-to-East natural gas transmission project.This study considers that China must be based on itself to solve its energy problem. On the one hand, China should optimize its energy structure, focus on the clean processing of coal and rely on technological innovation to increase the proportion of the use of renewable energy. On the other hand, China should optimize the supply and demand strategy of regional energy and implement the policy of energy conversion in western region. And some energy should be in situ conversion into electricity not only to reduce the environmental pressure of developing the energy industry and the pressure of transporting energy for eastern region but also convert the resource advantage into economic advantage for western region. These measures can promote the coordinated development of the economy between eastern and western region. Besides, China needs to establish an energy pricing system that is price-based and marked-oriented. At the same time, China should optimize the industry structure to reduce the energy consumption intensity, pay attention to the energy security, supply energy in multi-channel and establish mechanisms of strategy reserves of energy.