Study On Reform Of Forest Resources Harvesting Quota Management System In China

Forest resources harvesting management is the core of forest resources management; it has an important significance for promoting sustainable forest management, protecting the interests of forest manager, maintaining the forestry ecological security. From implementing the forest harvesting quota management system in the seventh five-year plan until now, the forest harvesting management system has been reformed and improved continuously, and we have achieved remarkable success. But, with the accelerated pace of China’s forestry ecological construction and the continuous deepening reform of the state-owned forest and collective forest right system, the forest management entities becomes diversification. The current forest harvesting quota management system is difficult to adapt to the actual needs of the forest resource management. So, this research made the current harvesting quota management system in China as the objective, adopted empirical research and normative research, based on the interviews and questionnaire surveys of 170 staffs who works in domestic forest resources management, production, teaching and other units, to try to seize the problems in harvesting management and combine the investigation wills, to give some advices for harvesting quota management reformation. The main research results as follows:(1) The harvesting management is an effective form of national forest resource management. There are four main managements in domestic and international current forest harvesting management: double management by forest management plan and harvesting quota management, management only by forest management plan, management only by harvesting quota management and without any form of management.(2) There are several main problems in current harvesting quota management of forestry land, such as: the total harvesting quota is not enough, the harvesting management types are too much, application for harvesting is difficult, harvesting publicity is unreasonable and so on.(3) 69.82% of respondents think the forest management on non-forestry land should be managed by the operators themselves, but must apply for the cutting permit; the management on the tree in forestry land must be included in the harvesting quota management. (4)To the extent of the harvesting quota management, 49.11% of the respondents think that the tending and intermittent cutting quota of forest should no longer include the tree which diameter at breast height below 10 cm; 52.07% of the respondents think that the disastrous harvesting in other harvesting types of commercial forest should not be included in harvesting quota management.(5)The woodland which implemented clear cutting should be controlled by area; the woodland which implemented selective cutting or tending and intermittent cutting should be controlled by volume. To the method of supervision, the investigation result shows that the supervision before and in harvesting about the state-owned forest should be managed by business units themselves, the supervision after harvesting should be managed by the competent forestry authority at a higher level.The reform advices on China’s forest harvesting quota management as follows:(1) The harvesting management on the tree in forestry land should be canceled step by step and adopt harvesting management mode which leaded by forest management plan.(2) Simplify the harvesting types; the commercial forest harvesting types can be divided into the main harvesting, operating harvesting and other harvesting; public welfare forest harvesting types include operating harvesting and other harvesting.(3)Reform the harvesting approval system, the tending and intermittent harvesting of forest implement filing system; commercial harvesting strictly implement the approval system.(4)The township forestry station provides "one-stop" service for the harvesting of collective forest.(5) Implement harvesting publicity system; link the harvesting publicity to the leader performance, implement leadership accountability system to ensure if there are problems in the harvesting distribution, publicity process, the root of the problem can be found immediately.(6)Inspection and acceptance of the collective forest harvesting implement simple design of the cutting area, forest managers manage themselves before, in and after harvesting, the competent forestry authority provide them with technical guidance and services, but they must make sure the guidance within measure, they can’t control too strictly or let things go their own way; the supervision before and in harvesting of the state-owned forest should be managed by themselves and controlled by the competent forestry authority at a higher level, the competent forestry authority at a higher level should also inspect and accept the supervision after harvesting.