Study On Ecological Environment Impact Assessment Of Rural Industrialization In Wuhan City Circle

The fifth plenary session of the sixteenth CPC central committee clearly put forward the historic task which building of new socialist countryside. Currently, implement the "moderate prosperity" program in a well-rounded way, rural development is also difficult to focus.70%of our country population in rural areas,50%of farmers’ income comes from non-agricultural industries, therefore, there is no agricultural modernization and industrialization. China cannot achieve the full industrialization. The1950s and1960s, rural industrialization became a worldwide economic development phenomenon. Before reforming and open up, China had tried to promote rural economic development by urban industrial, however, due to transportation, housing, public facilities, employment, medical benefits are all national burden, resulting in urban industrialization road gets narrower and narrower. Consequently, after reforming and open up, to promote transfer of non-farm employment of rural surplus labor, and thus spur the comprehensive development of rural economy, China has begun to impel the rural industrialization process which is the township enterprises as the mainstay.However, this mainly SMEs, with high energy consumption and high pollution, the extensive mode of production as the main decentralized pattern of industrialization in rural areas to improve economic efficiency, while the rural resources and the environment is seriously overdrawn, ecological and environmental problems ever more important, leading to a heavy ecological debt, and thus the country’s sustainable development in rural areas as well as direct impact. A large number of non-treated waste open place, livestock wanton discharge of pollutants, the irrational use of pesticides and fertilizers, all types of industrial enterprises in rural areas,"three wastes" discharge without treatment, this series of questions which the rural ecological environment is increasingly highlighted, and formed by small-scale local ecological damage and gradually evolved into a regional, large-scale environmental degradation. The World Bank said urban water pollution, urban air pollution and industrial pollution in rural China are three serious environmental problems of China. Therefore, rural industrialization must adjust strategic thinking, no longer follow the traditional path of industrialization, the concept of sustainable development must be guided out of a reduction, intensive, eco-sustainable, coordinated and healthy development of the new road, that rural industrialization development of new models.In December2007.the State Council approved Wuhan city circle (the "8+1metropolitan area") which is the national resource-saving and eco-friendly society that builds a comprehensive reform pilot area (referred to as "society" test area). This reform test area is not only for the city, but also for the rural areas. In the two types of social constructions, if we ignored harm of the problems of the ecological environment caused by rural industrialization, it would go against the main directions and rural sustainable development of the internal requirements of two types of social constructions, and because of the ignorance, it will deviate from the new socialist rural developmental goals. Thus, in the two types of societies and new countryside construction, researching and evaluating the rural industrialization and environmental impact, not only strengthen the comprehensive reform of pilot area to the rural resources and environment protection, and the smoothly weaken the rural resources and environment economic development role in the presentation of the bottleneck, which will, ultimately, have practical importance and significance for the rural social, economic, resource and environmental development; but also play an important role in guiding and reference value for the rest of the country’s ecology and environment of rural governance.Based on the evidence mentioned above, the thesis, planning to take a "dual society" as background, use the dual economy theory, ecological economics, sustainable development theory, and the cycle economics as theoretical evidences, absorbing the experience of useful environmental impact assessment, basing on the rural industrialization development of Wuhan city circle, designed relevant evaluation system and evaluation model which established in the study of rural industrialization of Wuhan city circle and the impact on the ecological environment on the basis of their evaluation, puts forward in favor of rural industrialization and the feasibility of eco-environmental development recommendations. Therefore, the research of this thesis possesses an important realistic meaning and an application value. The main content of the thesis is divided into seven chapters:Chapter one is the introduction which explains the background for the selection of the title and the meaning of research, on the basis of reviewing the results of relevant research both at home and abroad, it systematically carries on the theory survey to the Chinese and foreign documents and materials, also the research contents, research approach and main innovations are introduced briefly as well.Chapter two is theoretical basis of rural industrialization and ecological environmental protection, which includes definition, intension and characteristic of rural industrialization, dual economic theory and measure of rural industrialization. It also is related to environmental protection, including environmental and ecological economics, sustainable development theory and the theory of circular economy. Moreover, the thesis describes the contradictoriness analysis between the rural industrialization and economic environment.Chapter three focus on the method selection of impact assessment for rural industrialization on the ecological environment. Through a summary, the methods of impact on the environment of evaluation, in terms of this research background combined with principal component analysis, is to choose the gray comprehensive evaluation method as main research methods of this article and build gray comprehensive evaluation model.Chapter four constructs the index system of impact the rural industrialization on the ecological environment. Using evaluation principles and methods select the evaluation of this screening which not only establishes the evaluation index system of rural industrialization but also describes the ecological environment impact assessment procedure.Chapter five is ecological environment impact assessment of rural industrialization in Wuhan city circle. This is the main part of the research paper. Through the analysis of Wuhan city circle development of township enterprises and rural industrialization pattern trend, in chapter five there is an evaluation, using gray correlation and gray comprehensive evaluation model to calculate the total annual coordination with the degree of coordination degree, of Wuhan city circle of rural industrialization on the environment impact assessment; the final evaluation results were analyzed.Chapter six is countermeasures of coordinated development on rural industrialization with ecological environmental in Wuhan city circle. There are rural areas of new industrial constructions, ecological construction, environmental protection system and the mechanism level of government management and technical aspects of the Wuhan city circle rural industrialization, the development of coordination between environment and countermeasures recommendations.Chapter seven makes a research conclusion and draws an expectation to the further research. It summarizes the main conclusion and points out the weaknesses of this thesis.