Access To And Use Of Social Capital In The Process Of University Graduate Village Officials’ Entrepreneurial Activities

Starting enterprises is considered to be an important way that university graduate village officials can achieve social integration, service new rural construction, increase farmers’income, and identify their own position. But university graduate village officials’entrepreneurial activities in rural areas are not carried out smoothly. Social capital is very important in starting enterprises. So this study takes social capital as a starting point, uses the case study method, analyzes the access to and use of social capital in the process of university graduate village officials’entrepreneurial activities, and tries to explore the entrepreneurial resources integration mechanism of university graduate village officials’entrepreneurial activities.The study found that the lack of social capital in the process of entrepreneurial activities is a key item that blocked university graduate village officials to start enterprises in rural area. But there are many social capitals that university graduate village officials can take use of when they starting enterprises, such as government policies on entrepreneurial activities, various forms of organizations, and social relations network. University graduate village officials can take good use of these social capitals to integrate entrepreneurial resources. Although the policy resource is a public resource, but not all university graduate village officials with business projects can get it. Related to agriculture, benefit farmers are reflections of the specificity of "village official" role, and also the basic premise of getting the policy resources. The entrepreneurial organizations are places that "village official" can study business knowledge and technology, and receive entrepreneurial information. But the money that needed when starting enterprises, is mainly obtained by relying on strong ties, such as parents. The formal channels (such as a business loan, etc.) can not play the role of "timely assistance", and this is not conductive to the university graduate village officials to start enterprises in rural area. After starting an enterprises successfully, the "village officials" obtain the trust and support of villagers and government, which help them to obtain more social resources that is important to the development of "village officials".The integration of various resources in the entrepreneurial process can be achieved through the use of social capital. Social capital is rooted in the network of social relations or social structure, and is invisible, potential. Actors should make subjective efforts and take practical action to access and mobilize the social capital. Therefore the students village officials need to actively mobilize the social capital that can be obtained in the process of rural entrepreneurs, and use social capital to integrate entrepreneurial resources, and prepare conditions for entrepreneurship. As the main promoters of the "village official" program, the government should improve the university graduate village officials entrepreneurial mechanism, provide conditions for the "village official" enrich villagers by entrepreneurial activities.