A Anti-poverty Study Of China,Japan And South Korea In The Perspective Of Social Capital

China is a developing country with1.3billion population and also is an important actor of globalanti-poverty. Three decades of reform and opening, the Chinese government has implemented a large-scale, long-lasting and fruitful poverty alleviation and development program. From1978-2004, rural poverty population from250million to26.1million, the incidence of poverty declined from30.7%to2.8%, the rural poor production and living conditions of residents have been greatly improved. In the cities, because the Social Security System, the basic livelihood of the poor have been protected. However, with poverty reduction, we are also facing many new problems. Chinese society is now in a transition period, the expansion of differentiation between the rich and the poor, inadequate social security system, unemployment.and so may lead to new poverty.In this paper, we will use social capital theory to explore the idea of unti-poverty, the lack of trust, communication and contact reduction is also one reason of poverty. Relationship social capital and institutional social capital’s roles in anti-poverty are differrent,.while absorbing the development of social capital abroad and foreign experience in government anti-poverty, it is important to apply in China’s anti-poverty policyIn the second part,definition, classificatin and function of social capital are described.The third part of this article is mainly about China’s anti-poverty social capital. First introduces the main forms of social capital in Chinese society, due to the impact of traditional Confucian culture, relationships in Chinese society plays an important role. Kinship relations, including their immediate family members, relatives of theimmediate family and other relationships derived indirectly. Expanding genetic relationship also includes their classmates, teachers and friends.In China there is an important form of social capital that is geographical, in the farming community, mainly by geographical land to connect to a small closed society, With the social development, China’s social relations have been some changes,(1) Internet’ formation has a great impact social capital.(2)with the process of China’s industrialization, the traditional blood and geopolitical relationships are weakening.(3) with urbanization and household registration reform, the traditional urban-rural division has become blurred. Secondly, we mainly talked about social capital in rural anti-poverty in the use of land reform after opening up and the rural collective economy, Then using a simple model of game Theory to explain the two example. Last we comment about the use of social capital in the city anti-poverty.The fourth part minly we talk about Japan’s social capital. Firstly, we talk about the poverty situation in Japan, the Japanese economy is in the stagflation after in the80s of last century, Japan’s poverty population is rising. There have been a trend of ofinter generational legend of.poverty. Secondly, we mianly talk about Japanese sial relations, mainly related to the the "home "and "village" View, and tne extension of this view. In the last part, we pay attention to the performance of social capital in anti-poverty,related to three aspects:(1) community social capital’s role in anti-poverty (2) Japan’s social capital within the enterprise, reducing the unemployment (3) social capital’s role in rural anti-poverty.The fifth part we talk about the Korean social capital. Firstly we talk about a situation of poverty in South Korea in recent years, the Korean economy’s growth rate is decreased.The unemployment rate is higher than befor,South Korea is facing the new poverty. Then, it is about South Korea’s traditional culture and social capital, for example,in the traditional culture, Koreans are more emphasis on education, social class is also more strict, and so on. Finally, the role of social capital is mainly involving the following aspects:(1) The South Korean government establishes social security system, and with Combination of social capital, and achieves some good results.(2) South Korea to implement the "New Village Movement" in order to reduce poverty.(3) non-governmental organizations have played a positive role in poverty reduction.The sixth part is a summary of anti-poverty of social capital. Mainly the following some aspects to be discussed, the first is the policy of the Government and social capital to be combined, and the second is the emphasis on education, and the third is the emphasis on the establishment of the social security system. The fourth is the construction of social capital between individuals and businesses。The seventh part of the article is mainly a summary of the paper, through Comparison between China, Japan and South Korea, we find that the social capital of each country has its difference, we also learn the advanced experience of foreign countries, But to avoid social capital theory of foreign countries direct moving to China, it is important to combine the way of foreign counties and Chinese social capital.