| The emergence of the urban agglomeration has greatly promoted the development of regional economy and speed up the process of urbanization. The competition of states in the future to some extent expressed as the competition of urban agglomeration. Combination of China’s social and economic development and urbanization process, the17th CPC National Congress clarified the urban development strategy at the present stage. It emphasized cultivating urban agglomeration as a new growth pole of national economy. In2009, the state council promulgated the Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone Development Plan, and clearly put forward building Xian international metropolis, this development opportunity set off the development horn of Guanzhong urban agglomeration (GZUA) and provide a broad prospect for GZUA.GZUA began to sprout in Western Zhou Dynasty. In Qin Han and Tang period it has developed into a three-degree city network system, and now it is one of the top ten urban agglomerations in China. After years of development, GZUA has formed hierarchical urban system structure, but the structure is reasonable or not is questionable. Therefore, this paper used the theory of urban geography and economic geography to analyze the urban system development course of GZUA, scan the hierarchical structure, spatial structure and functional structure of GZUA, and explore the sustainable development road of the urban system in GZUA. This paper not only enrich the theoretical system of urban geography and urban system, and provide valuable information and reference for implementation of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone and construction of Xian international metropolis.This paper introduced a comprehensive analysis of domestic and international urban system, described the course of urban system of GZUA on the basis of field survey and extensive collection of information. Using modern mathematical methods and models in order to analyze the grade scale structure, space structure and function structure of GZUA. Then explored the evolution of characteristics of these three major structures and discussed the construction of perfect urban system. There are the results:(1) From the bud of Guanzhong urban system in Western Zhou Dynasty, after Qin Han Tang, to the formation and development of GZUA in reform and opening up, GZUA has always showed the typical distribution of the primate. Through calculating the rank-size index and fractal dimension, and found that the development of is still at a low level. There is a big gap between GZUA and the ideal state. At present, there are a series problems in the urban system of GZUA, for example, the rating scale is not continuous, the urban primacy index is too high, the polarization is significant, the number of central cities is small, the city administering the country does not match, the number of characteristics small towns is few and the level is low.(2) From2003to2010, the city flows of Xi’an has been ahead and it is the first-level, Baoji and Xianyang followed by and to be the second-level dispersal centers, Tongchuan and Weinan’s city flows is the smallest and they are the third-level dispersal centers. Nearly20years, the quantity of absolute economical relation in Guanzhong has increased27times, and the development of Guanzhong changed from homogenization to cluster. In spatial distribution, the axis development is obvious, the nuclear structure is very prominent, but still not formed the network development pattern.(3) Dividing the basic and non-basic activities of GZUA, I find that the basic activities of GZUA present stable growth trend and the tertiary industry is gradually replacing the secondary industry as the advantage functions of GZUA. But the lateral correlation found that the commercial, transportation and communications, finance, real estate and other functions are still relatively backward, the industrial structure converged, and the functions of the division of labor is not reasonable.Directed towards the researched results about the paper, I try to put forward some countermeasures and suggestions in order to make the grade scale structure coordinated, the space structure reasonable and the function structure to be prefect. The suggestions are:(1) To fill the large cities blank, construct the integral grade scale structure of urban system;(2) Enhance the comprehensive strength of central city, develop the area surrounding large cities;(3) Increase the number of medium-sized cities, and cultivate a number of "growth pole";(4) Developing characteristic small towns, to perfect small town system;(5) Strengthening industrial linkages, and promote the agglomeration economy;(6) Define the central cities of all levels clearly, and foster a number of sub-urban agglomeration.The innovation of this paper is from the time point of view to explore the development of GZUA, from the structure of urban system, use the method of division time to analyze the evolution history and evolution characteristics of GZUA. On the research method, this paper introduced a variety of methods and models, from different angles to analyze the characteristics of space-time evolution of GZUA, this way can avoid the one-sidedness of method inadequate. |
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