Under The Perspective Of Social Capital National Tourism Community Women's Elite Research

National community tourism has been one of the most important ways in China’s rural social economic development. In recent years, there appears to high level, large scale development, various forms of involvement for women’s participation in national community tourism. Being a multi-national country, minorities with the unique multicultural and rich resources became China’s important tourist destination. The minority women would also experience unexpected individual and group changes. Some women became the female elites away from the original social role. Differing from tradional elites, the female minority elites openned up a completely new path, in which not only tourist benefit distribution and rural gender relations changed greatly, but also women’s sorts of advantages such as relation network, the corresponding belonging sense and cohesive force, altogether with personal skills and abilities all developped. Based on current situation, the paper combines theory of social capital with study on national community women participation in tourism, then systematically analysed, which aims to be very helpful for rural tourism’s sustained development.Taking Xiaozhuang village as an empirical study, the paper combines quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, such as oral history, field observation with national study. Moreover, by use of Excel and SPSS software, each measurement indexes of social capital is analysed by factor analysis, then multivariate regression model is stepwise built and oneway ANOVA analysis is processed; Additionally, thematic maps are finished based on software of coredraw to prompte the scientific analysis. The main conclusions of the paper are in the following aspects:Firstly, social capital situation of Tu nationality women participation in tourism of XiaoZhuang village is analysed mainly by community network, community belonging, community cohesion, social interaction, community reciprocity and community trust altogether six dimensions of social capital. Through comparison and analysis, the mean interview factor analysis, social capital has very important parts in the Tu nationality women participating in tourism of XiaoZhuang village.Secondly, according to questionnaires in Xiaozhuang village, it can be seen that the whole village women have great enthusiasm in national tourism together with strong social network and community cohesion force, social interaction between neighbors and villagers is frequent, better than that with village committee, their social network is expanded to geographical location and human relationship trust based on blood relationship and affinity trust.Thirdly, social capital of Tu nationality women participating in national tourism is mainly influenced by four aspects measurement dimensions which are social network, community trust, community cohesion and community interaction on factor analysis of195samples. Building multivariate linear regression equations on four dimensions shows that social capital of Tu nationality women participating in national tourism in Xiaozhuang village is influenced by community cohesion, community trust, social network and social interaction respectively from strong point to weak point.Fourthly, by means of oneway ANOVA analysis, the minority community women in XiaoZhuang village have significant differences in gender, age, education level, engaging tourist time, the current annual tourist income, satisfaction in tourist income on aspect of the evaluation of the social capital cognitive.Fifthly, minority women participating in national tourism of Xiaozhuang village are typical cases throughout the whole national toursim development, which plays a very important part. Hence, many different famale elite modes emerge with the fast developing tourist in XiaoZhuang village. By the analysis of the growth course, successful experience, social influence and the existing dilemma, the study concluds that such four sorts women elite modes have their own values and significance. The conclusions have a very great reference significance according to different market objects.Finally, new problems at the present stage occur in tourist reception of Tu minority female elits in XiaoZhuang village according to related survey, such as individually-developped, division of professional refining, market competition weakening. Then, measures are proposed aiming for a standardized and systematic national tourism market.The paper’s innovations include the following aspects:(1) Combining sociology, anthropology research methods with statistics methods organically, First-hand material is obtained by meas of the field investigation, interview method, the questionnaire and ethnography method. The qualitative and quantitative research in the minority women’s social capital in China is still rare.(2) Based on local villagers of national tourism destination, according to participation in tourism, The mind of paper just provides a new perspective for the social capital theory on the related research.(3) From Tu nationnality women’s growth course, successful experiences and influences, general rules of women elites’developing are systematically summarized, relevant countermeasures are then put forward. Models about the minority women elites research at present are put forward for the first time, providing great value in reference and meaning to China’s other minority women elites development.