Countermeasures To Narrow The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents In Chongqing

The income gap between urban and rural areas has been a hot topic of research in the economics profession, the widening urban-rural income gap has become an important factor in the sustained and healthy development of social instability and constraints, discover how to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, become our must face and resolve important issues. The income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing on the whole than the national average in1985, Chongqing urban-rural income ratio of2.50:1(the same period was1.86:1);2010, despite the narrow, but it reached3.62:1. Current situation of urban-rural income gap continued to widen, the CPC Chongqing Municipal Committee in2011, decided to "narrow the three gaps and promoting common prosperity;"Decision" clearly put forward the narrow three gaps in the content as an important breakthrough to implement the "theme of the main line, go livelihood of the people road, read by the total of the rich, and efforts to promote common prosperity.Chongqing as one of China’s urban and rural comprehensive reform pilot area, in the process of economic development, there are prominent urban-rural dual structure, unbalanced regional development, urban-rural income gap continued to widen; these problems is a serious impediment to the healthy and stable development of the local economy and impact of the construction of a harmonious society, especially urban-rural income gap study on the above issues and propose appropriate countermeasures, which has important practical significance to promote local economic development and building a harmonious society to accelerate the pace of Chongqing urban and rural test; narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents in the western region, building a comprehensive well-off society have important theoretical guidance.In this paper, the theory of the dual economy, Kuznets’ inverted "U" theory, theory of redistribution of income and human capital theory of income-based analysis of the reality of the situation and characteristics of urban and rural residents in Chongqing, summed up the main reason for the widening of the income gap between urban and rural areas; and stepwise regression analysis and multiple regression analysis Chongqing urban-rural income gap between empirical research. Analysis of the status quo of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing City, to find out the reality of the situation and characteristics of Chongqing urban-rural income gap; Chongqing urban-rural income gap to form a summary of the reasons and factors influencing the empirical analysis, and for reducing the Chongqing urban and rural incomes the gap between policy recommendations.The conclusion of this study show that the Chongqing urban-rural income gap is widening, there are four main reasons:(1) the typical big city of Chongqing driven rural dual economic structure.(2) Serious imbalance between urban and rural areas the proportion of investment in fixed assets and the financial sector city tendentious lending policies.(3) Unequal educational opportunities of urban and rural residents and the stock of human capital gap.(4) The income of urban and rural residents from different sources. Concluded through empirical research also shows that the impact of Chongqing urban-rural income gap between the key factors is:(1) Agricultural share of GDP (the level of economic development).(2) The share of agriculture in the local budgets for specific gravity (3) urban and rural investment in fixed assets (4). Coefficient of the dual structure.According to the research conclusions drawn from the analysis, the last part of this paper the following five aspects, narrow the urban-rural income gap in Chongqing suggestions:(1) the gradual elimination of urban-rural dual structure, urban and rural development (2) increase rural fixed assets investment (3) to encourage farmers to start their own businesses, to achieve agricultural development mode (4) improve the quality of workers, accelerate the transfer of rural surplus labor force (5) to help the rural education, enhance the level of human capital in rural areas.