A Policy Study On The Implementation Of Peasant’s Land Propetry Right

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization, the gap between urban-ruralincomes is broadening, the contradiction between urban and rural areas is gettingworse. Currently, the issue of agriculture, peasants and rural areas has become a keyconstraint on economic development; the fundamental reason of the issue ofagriculture, peasants and rural areas lies in the defects of our land system. Land is akind of production factor on which peasants rely to survive, but it is also a kind ofresource with the function of both living security and social asset. Land property rightis a bundle of rights, including the rights of land use, distribution and usufruct.However, during the process of farmland conversion, a large number of peasants havelost their land as well as land property right. Adhering to the conception of"people-oriented" governance in the transformation process of the market economy, inorder to achieve the fundamental interests of our people, to protect and improvepeople’s livelihood, our government should handle the relationship between socialfairness and efficiency properly, and the most important thing is to protect and improvethe livelihood of the peasants. Take the realization of peasants’ land property right asthe main line, and base on the analysis of Chongqing’s positive effects in its systeminnovation in urban and rural comprehensive reform and the experience of developedcountries, this article proposes measures and suggestions to fulfill the land propertyright.This article is divided into six parts. The first part introduces the researchbackground, significance, literature review, content and methods, and described theinnovation and shortcomings. In the second part, some relevant concepts are definedand theoretical background is introduced, which provide a framework for furtherresearch. In the third part, this paper use institutional theory to analyze the transition ofland property right, and figure out that the peasants’ land property right can not berealized lies in the defects of land system and relevant institution. In part four, thearticle introduces Chongqing’s institutional innovation in urban and ruralcomprehensive reform, and conclude that it has reached positive effects: land resourcesdistribution has improved, peasants’ income has increased. In the fifth part, the articleintroduces land developments institution of developed countries; this system couldhandle well the problem of protecting land resource, land using efficiency and protecting private land property right. In the last part, base on above analysis and theresearch of the experts and scholars, the article proposes a series of policies andsuggestions to protect the land property right for the peasants, such as improve the lawsystem and reform land property institution.