Preliminary Study On Damage Assessment And Ecological Compensation Of Coastal Power Plant Thermal Discharge Pollution

Thermal discharge of coastal power plants affects surrounding waters and the ecological environment by huge flow and high temperature. With gradually accelerating of economic development and pace of industrialization, large number of coastal power plants have been built or in the planning stage, the eco-environment pollution damage by thermal discharge cannot be ignored. Therefore, an objective assessment of pollution damage by the thermal discharge of coastal power plants and the corresponding ecological compensation proposal have important theoretical significance and practical value to safeguard the health of our coastal ecosystems and enrich ecological compensation theory and practice of coastal waters ecological damage.Study is based on the influence around the water quality, fisheries and biological resources, ecosystem functions by coastal power plant thermal discharge, combine with the systems and methods of assessment and ecological compensation for pollution damage at home and abroad, initially establishes China’s coastal power plant cooling water and ecological pollution damage assessment system. We take Guohua power plant as an example, combine with the relevant data and the environmental assessment report, assess the ecological pollution damage of the plant by thermal discharge preliminary, give out the ecological compensation proposal. The main research results obtained by the paper as follows:1. Initially establish assessment index system and assessment methods of China’s coastal power plant thermal discharge and ecological pollution damage.Use theoretical research and field measurement method, Initially establish assessment index system and assessment methods of China’s coastal power plant thermal discharge and ecological pollution damage, the main body contains the water quality pollution damage assessment, fisheries and biological resources pollution damage assessment, and ecosystem pollution damage assessment. In the assessment, take a different assessment methods based on different indicators, basically reflects the impact of thermal discharged to the surrounding ecological environment.2. Sea water temperature changes at Guohua power plant outfall.Near the outfall, the ocean water temperature caused by coastal power thermal discharge changes significantly. In spring and autumn, temperature impact is the strongest by thermal discharge, then winter, summer as the last. The water temperature near the power plant outfall shows that in outfall center of the circle, waters of the investigation in accordance with the fan radius to gradually reduce the trend, the highest surface water temperature stations are closer in distance outfall, three cross-sections show the temperature decay with increasing distance trend. The water temperature distribution in accordance with the flow characteristics shows that perpendicular to the shoreline angle of temperature rise is relatively obvious than the other angles.3. Typical fish, shrimp, crabs, shellfish’s tolerance for the thermal shockImpacts and tolerance are different by varied seasons temperature rise. Thermal shock experiments show that, caused by higher background temperature, heat shock impact of thermal discharge on biological is more notable in summer, should take appropriate measures to mitigate the impact of thermal discharge on marine life. In each season, the highest start death temperature comes from theshellfish, indicating that the shellfish’s temperature tolerance is stronger than others, worth mentioning that swimming ability of various types is not the same, so the temperature in the natural waters of different types of biological effects may be slight differences in the experiments.4. Assessment instance of Guohua power plant thermal discharge and ecological pollution damageWe take Guohua power plant as an example, assess the ecological pollution damage of the plant by thermal discharge. In accordance with the study which we establish assessment system of coastal power plant thermal discharge damage and data collection conduct a preliminary assessment of Guohua power plant thermal discharge in the ecological pollution damage, and obtain the value of ecological pollution damage caused by the thermal discharge.