Research On Heat And Force Determination Method Of High-Speed External Cylindrical Grinding And Sensor Development

The development of grinding technology realizes precision and ultra-precision processing in modern machinery manufacturing, satisfies the people’s demand for high precision and high quality of products. Grinding is usually as the end of process, which is widely used in automobile, electric power, shipbuilding, metallurgy, military and aerospace industries, etc. Ultra-high speed grinding is a new comprehensive technology that is adapted to the needs of modern technology. It can greatly increase the production efficiency, improve the surface quality of parts and realize precision machining of difficult-to-cut materials. It is the development trend of grinding technology at home and abroad. Grinding processing needs very high energy input when removing unit volume material, and most will be into the workpiece in the form of heat energy, which leading to a rise of grinding temperature. Grinding force is originated in elastic deformation and plastic deformation from the contact between the workpiece and grinding wheel, the friction effect between abrasive and bonding agent and the surface of workpiece. Grinding heat and grinding force can reflect the basic characteristics of grinding process. Meanwhile, it has influence on surface and sub-surface damage and is also an important indicator of evaluating the material grindability. Therefore, a series of related experimental research was carried out in this subject. This paper mainly research on temperature and force determination method and principle of high-speed external cylindrical grinding and introduces the testing sensor development or improvement. according to characteristics of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium alloy and engineering ceramics, we formulated relevant experiment scheme, built a test platform and carried out a series of experiments. The main research contents and results in this topic are as follows:(1) Research on temperature and force determination method of high-speed external cylindrical grinding. Summarize all kinds of test principle and methods of grinding temperature and force, compare the advantages and disadvantages of each, according to the actual working condition, the experiment test method of thermocouple thermometry and piezoelectric dynamometry is determined.(2) Design and develop the thermocouple temperature sensor. It is difficult to test cylindrical grinding temperature, because it is easily influenced by workpiece rotation and signal transmission. The grinding temperature of titanium alloy TC4and engineering ceramics SiC was tested successfully by using bipolar circuit open thermocouple structure in this paper. The multi-points temperature measurement technology was used creatively, which increases the reliability of experimental data analysis and improves the accuracy of the test.(3) Making experimental plan and relevant error analysis. On the basis of analyzing the performance of titanium alloy TC4and silicon carbide ceramic materials, according to the existing experimental condition, the author put forward the corresponding experimental scheme and built a platform that can be applied to field test. The test error of thermocouple sensor was analysed in detail, such as thermocouple cold junction compensation error, heat transfer and dynamic error, test instruments error, etc. This is in order to improve the accuracy of test results.(4) The relevant factor analysis of grinding heat and force test results. The experiment was carried out from grinding process parameters, workpiece materials and so on. Based on this, the influence mechanism of wheel speed, workpiece speed and grinding depth on grinding temperature, grinding force, specific grinding energy, etc. was expounded, and difficult-to-cut material removal mechanism was analysed in-depth in this paper.