The Preparation Of Montmorillinte Nano-Composites And Application On Flame Retardant Finishing Of Cotton Fabrics

Montmorillonite nano-composite materials have a good thermal stability, excellent gas barrier effect and flame retardant, The montmorillonite does not affect the transparency of the materials. The activated montmorillonite can be used to treat wastewater,dying auxiliaries as well as fabric softeners and cotton fabric pretreatment additives. But the materials used-for flame retardant finishing of cotton fabrics are raring imported.In this research, Octadecan amide-layered silicate composites (EBS/MMT) are prepared through in-situ method and applied for flame retardant finishing of cotton fabrics through hybrid sol-gel as well as padding methods.This paper is divided into three parts:In the first part, Octadecan amide-layered silicate composites (EBS/MMT) were prepared through in-situ method in this research, The chemical structure of the material and the interlayer space of montmorillonite are tested by FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Thermal behavior of the prepared materials and the dispersion of montmorillonite in the material are investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and transmission electron microscopy analysis (TEM).In the second part:Hybrid montmorillonite nano-composites doped silica sol is prepared with sol—gel method, and is applied to flame retardant finish of cotton fabric. The chemical structure of the coating material and the interlayer space of montmorillonite are tested by FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Thermal behavior and flame retardancy of the treated cotton samples are investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA)and vertical burning test. The results show the physical action between montmorillonite nano-composites and silica sols, and the composites are clad with the silica gel. The hybrid silica sol features good film-forming property, which can form a thin film onto the fabric surface, thus a substantial enhancement of thermal behavior and flame retardancy of the treated cotton samples with good durability can be obtained. At the same time, A kind of new intumescent flame retardant finishing solution was prepared by the nanocomposites and poly-phosphate ammonium (APP), used for cotton fabric flame-retardant finishing. The mechanism indicated that EBS/MMT was used as carbon forming agent in flame retardant finishing. The effect factors were investigated on the flame retardant finishing. The results showed that the optimum process conditions of flame retardant finishing were as follows:the concentration of poly-phosphate ammonium (APP) was160g/L, the modified 2D resin cross-linking agent was100g/L, montmorillonite nano-composites were40g/L, baking temperature was150℃, baking time was3min.In the last part:A kind of intumescent flame retardant finishing solution was prepared by the montmorillonite nano-composites and poly-phosphate ammonium (APP), used for cotton fabric flame-retardant finishing. The thermo-oxidative decomposition of treated fabrics are studied using non-isothermal gravimetric analysis at the heating rates of10℃/min,20℃/min,30℃/min and40℃/min under the air atmosphere within the temperature from room to900℃, respectively. The kinetic parameters were calculated by the invariant kinetic parameter method(IKP)which is based on the kinetic compensation effect. With the aim of determining the kinetic model, the probabilities of the solid-state conversion functions is evaluated by IKP method. Finally, the nucleation and nuclei growth as well as potential law are obtained to describe the thermo-oxidative decomposition of the treated cotton fabrics.