Study On The Preparation And Catalytic Properties Of Graphene-based Nanocomposite Particles

The catalytic effect of the transition metal oxides on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is obvious, and the prices of raw material are low,thus the transition metal oxides has always been the research hotpots. However, the nanoparticles are easily reunited which would greatly reduce the catalytic performance. Graphene can effectively prevent the particles loaded on the graphene sheet from agglomerating owing to its high specific surface, therefore, this study has prepared graphene-based nanocomposite particles, and studied their catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of AP as well as the catalytic mechanism. The main contents were as follows:(1) Graphene/α-Fe2O3nanocomposite was prepared by a facile one-step hydrothermal method, during which graphene oxides (GOs) were reduced to graphene with hydrazine and nanoparticles were simultaneously anchored on graphene sheets. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were spherical and the sizes are in the range of50-80nm. The distribution of Fe2O3nanoparticles obviously became uniform when they were anchored on graphene nanosheets, which indicated that the graphene nanosheets effectively prevent the aggregation of Fe2O3particles.(2) GO/y-Fe2O3nanocomposite was prepared by a blending method. The as-synthesized γ-Fe2O3nanoparticles were rod shape and uniform, the width was50-80nm, the length was about200nm.They were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the grapheme.(3) GO/CuO nanocomposite was prepared by a hydrolyzation precipitation method. The diameter of CuO nanoparticles was100-150nm. Each of these particles was made up of many smaller nanorods.(4) The performance of Graphene/α-Fe2O3、GO/γ-Fe2O3and GO/CuO on the thermal decomposition of AP are investigated by DSC. The results were as follows:The high-temperature decomposition temperature of AP decreased by64℃,70℃and102℃with2%addition of Graphene/α-Fe2O3、GO/γ-Fe2O3and GO/CuO separately. Graphene-based nanocomposite displayed higher catalytic activity than its individual component.(5) In order to study the relationship between the amount of catalyst and the catalytic activity, different catalysts were added into AP according to the mass ratio of1%,3%and5%. The results showed that the more the catalyst was added, the more the high-temperature decomposition temperature of AP decreased, but the decreasing amplitude is reduced.