Study On Extraction And Antioxidation Of Polysaccharide From Ganoderma Lucidum

The traditional-water ultrasonic-assisted microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum and their antioxidation activities were studied in this article.The main contents and results were as follows:（1） The traditional water extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum was studied. The optimum extraction condition obtained through single effect factor and orthogonal experiments was following: extraction temperature 60℃, extraction time 3h, water-materiel ratio 50:1ml/g. The extraction ratio of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides（GLP） under above condition was 61．60%. In the studies of separating GLP ,the sedimentation curve indicated that under the condition of using best 70% ethanol the yield and purity of GLP was 1．351% and 62．83%.（2） The ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum was studied. The optimum extraction condition obtained through single effect factor and orthogonal experiments was following: ultrasonic power 1000 W, extraction time 60 min,extraction temperature 50℃, water-materiel ratio 50:1ml/g, rotate speed of pump 27r/s ,on-time of the pulsed ultrasonic 3s and off-time 2s. The extraction ratio of polysaccharides under above condition was 84．89%. In the studies of separating GLP ,the sedimentation curve indicated that under the condition of using best 70% ethanol the yield and purity of GLP was 1．828% and 57．17%. Compared with extraction method of traditional water-solution,the extraction ratio was increased 37．81% and the yield was increased 35．31% while the purity was approximate.（3） The result that non-thermal effect of microwave has no help to increast extraction ratio of GLP was approved by using microwave-intermitted extraction method and microwave-circulated extraction method.By compared studies,the result that microwave-solvent extraction method can increast the extraction ratio of GLP effectively was found.（4） The microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum was studied. The optimum extraction condition obtained through single effect factor and orthogonal experiments was following: microwave power 1000 W, microwave time 3min,extraction temperature 50℃, extraction time 90 min, water-materiel ratio 40:1ml/g. The extraction ratio of polysaccharides under above condition was 82．23%. In the studies of separating GLP,the sedimentation curve indicated that under the condition of using best 70% ethanol the yield and purity of GLP was 1．673% and 60．73%. Compared with extraction method of traditional water-solution,the extraction ratio was increased 33．49% and the yield was increased 23．83% while the purity was approximate.（5） The antioxidation activities of 3 kinds of GLP obtained by using above methods were studied. The resultes showed that they had no antioxidation differences.Compared to Vc and EDTA, GLP had too weak activities of scavenging DPPH·、scavenging·OH、chelating Fe²⁺ and reducing Fe³⁺.But it had very strong activity of scavenging O₂ˉ·.