| Health and longevity has always been people’s common desire since ancient times, anti-aging and keeping fit has become the social common pursuit, and the fundamental cause of the two aspects is antioxidant and immunity enhancement. Aging is mainly due to the body’s cells oxidation, triggered partly to progressive immune function decreased. Therefore, preventing oxidation and maintaining body’s normal immune function has an important significance in decelerate aging and maintaining healthy life. Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is a kind of well-known Chinese herbal medicines in northeast China especially in Changbai Mountain. In recent years, more attention has been payed to life quality, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, with its great safe and effective health care functions, has become a hotspot for more and more researchers. In this experiment,the ultrasonic extraction and enzyme wall breaking method were combined to extract the Ganoderma lucidum acid of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder;with the help of the software Design-Expert, the influence of eight factors such as ultrasonic time, extraction frequency, solvent concentration, material to liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time, enzymolysis temperature and pH on the extraction rate were studied by Plackett Burman test, and four main factors were selected, then the process was optimized by Box Behnken test. The crude Ganoderma lucidum acid extract was used for the analysis of subacute aging model mice experimental research and cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressive mice model experimental research, and analysis effect of the extract on the relevant indicators of two mouse models;the purport was to explore the specific function of basic ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, to provide certain scientific basis for further research and development of edible and pharmaceutical products such as Ganoderma lucidum spores. The results were as follows:1. Plackett Burman design and box Behnken response surface analysis method were used for regression analysis, and several main factors that affected the extraction rate were screened and optimized;primary and secondary order of liquid-solid ratio, solvent concentration, enzymolysis time, ultrasonic time, enzyme concentration, pH, enzymolysis temperature, and extraction frequency;the optimum conditions was ultrasonic time of 3.2, solvent with 97% ethanol, liquid-solid ratio 64:1, enzymatic hydrolysis time 1.2h,Ganoderma lucidum acid extraction rate was 1.685% and reached the highest under these conditions. The extraction rate improved 1.4 times compared with the initial design.2. In antioxidant experiment, hypodermic injection of D- galactose was adroped to set up model of subacute aging mice;GA high, medium and low dose group, VC positive control group, blank control group and model control group were set up to study the effect of GA on relevant index in mice. The results showed that the crude GA in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder could significantly increased total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity, glutathione superoxide dismutase(GSH-PX) activity,and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in serum,liver and brain tissue in mice,reduced malondialdehyde(MDA) content, T-SOD, T-AOC and GSH-PX value in GA middle and high dose group respectively increased more than 9%, 28%, 65% compared with the model group, MDA decreased more than 35%;indicated that GA has significant effect on antioxidation effect.3. In immune experiment, the intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide was adropted to set up the experiment model of the immunosuppressive mice;GA high, medium and low dose group, VC positive control group, blank control group and model control group were set up to study the effect of GA on relevant index in mice. The results showed that carbon clearance index in each GA dose group has increased for more than 23% compared with the model group, correction clearance index increased for more than 21%, spleen index increased in the middle and high dose group increased for more than 24% compared with the model group,the thymus index was more than 31%, lysozyme, acid phosphatase activity in serum and acid phosphatase activity in liver tissue in the middle and high dose group all increased for more than 16% compared with model group;indicated that GA could enhance mononuclear macrophage phagocytic function, organ coefficient, lysozyme, acid phosphatase activity in serum and acid phosphatase activity in liver with different levels of immune suppressed mice, showed good immune effects. |
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