Research On Wetland Riparian Landscape Planning And Design In Beijing Wetland Parks

This paper focused on the landscape planning and design of riparain zone in BeijingWetland Parks.The full textdivided into3parts:the basic theory research part,the case analysispartand the specific example part.Firstly, the evaluation method for riparain landscape planning and design was establishedthrough basic theory research, which contained three different levels from the planning oflandscape ecological pattern,the design of landscape element forms and planning of recreationand education experience.1.The planning of landscape ecological pattern focused on the natural resources andecological environment,which werethe natural bankgroundfor landscape elementsdesign andrecreation planning.The method for the planning should consider the ecological process of eachlandscape patch from the longitudinal, lateral and vertical dimensional,including the landscapediversity, landscape fragmentation, corridor connectivity and so on.2.The design of landscape element forms focuses on the landscape scene and the visualaesthetic function of the riparian vegetation, water and landform.Regarded as an organicwhole,the three riparian landscape element possessed closely relationship to the naturalecological pattern and also serviced for the recreation.3.Recreation experience planning mainly focused on the wetland propaganda andeducation function,which was the service objectfor the natural ecological pattern planning andlandscape elements design,including resources display design,recreation diversity design,trialsdesign, wetland culture design and so on.Secondly, in the aspect of landscape case analysis, the evaluation system which based onthe ArcGIS platform was built to find the rules and methods to planning and design of riparianlandscapefrom Beijing Cuihu Wetland Park, Beijing Yeyahu Wetland Park, Beijing OlympicForest Park, Hangzhou Xixi Wetland Park, Hongkong Wetland Park and YinchuanMingcuihuWetland Park,include10landscape indicators:landscape diversity,landscape fragmentation, patch adjacency, corridor connectivity, vegetation richness,water shapeindex,topography index,trails accessibility,resource distribution, experience diversity.The optimalexpected value was setto each landscape indicators, and the best expected curve was formed toevaluate the whole landscape of each riparain zone in6samples. The comprehensiveevaluation showed that:Beijing Cuihuwetland park received the highest score of97points,recommended as the ideal model for riparain zone landscape planning and design.Meanwhile,draw the following design rules and methods:1.The more the landscape diversity enhance, the worse the landscape fragmentation,thelandscape corridor connectivity and the vegetation richness would be.2.Enhancing the landscape diversity will increase the patch adjacent degree, causing theeducation resource more decentralized, recreation experience diversity more abundant.3.The morethe total landscape wasto be broken, the adjacent degree was higher and theresource was more distribution and the higher degree of diversityexperience.On thecontrary,the corridor connectivity was weaker,the vegetation richness was smaller.4.Thelandscapepatchadjacentdegree was to be higher, the landscape corridorconnectivitywas to be weaker, and the vegetation richness smaller.5.Enhancingthe landscape corridor connectivity, the vegetation richness was higher, theeducation recreation resources was more concentrated, but the recreation experience diversitydecreased.6.Higher the topography indexwas, the lowerthe experience diversity.7.Water could be plan and design freely,which shape did not directly affect the landscapediversity,the landscape fragmentation, the corridor connectivity,the patch adjacency degreeandthe vegetation richness.Finally, an practical case on the riparian landscape planning and design of BeijingXiaolonghe wetland park was given to prove the the evaluation methods and guilding rules onriparian landscape planning and design.The plancontained three different levels from theplanning of landscape ecological pattern,the design of landscape element forms and planningof recreation and education experience, including the landscape diversity design,the landscape patch design,the landscape corridor design,the water landscape design, terrain landscape design,vegetationlandscape design, recreation trails design and recreation resources design.Thelandscapeplan,which receivedthe total score of58.433,was at the middle level among the6cases, reflecting better consideration of the relationship between the natural environment, thelandscape aesthetics and the recreation experience, both meeting the three aspects of the actualdemand.