Coal Gangue Composite Activate And Activity Analysis

The coal gangue is the lower carbon content black and grey rock harder than coal andformed in the process of coal. It is also one of the most abundant industrial solid wastes. Withthe development and utilization of coal resources，the emission and pile up of coal gangue notonly occupy the cultivated soil, but also pollute the air and river from the coal gangueself-burning smoke-exhaust and the harmful elements leakage. The burning explosion and thecollapse is one of the safety threats which seriously affect peoples’ production and life. Howto reduce the pressure of environment from coal gangue and change the industrial waste intothe available resources is the concern insure of the scientists from domestic and abroad..The paper uses the coal gangue in the production of cement grouting material. It hasrealistic meanings to the improvement of the grouting materials properties and theenvironment protection as well as to the rational use of natural resources. With the coalgangue cement grouting materials making process test, properties detecting and theoreticalanalysis,the paper studied following contents:(1) Effect of coal gangue to the cement grouting materials propertiesEffects of coal gangue calcinations temperature and its dosage, cement variety, aggregatetype and dosage to the fluidity and mechanical properties of the cement grouting materialswere systematically investigated. It is found that at the temperature range of600to700℃,the fluidity and the compressive and flexural strength of the cement grouting materialsincrease with the calcinations temperature of the coal gangue goes up. The optimumtemperature is around the700℃. The part substitution of cement by the calcinations coalgangue in the cement grout will increase the mechanical properties of the cement grout eventhought it will decrease the grout’s fluidity. The best substitution amount of cement by coalgangue is about30%. The fluidity and the long term strength of the silicate cement grout isobviously higher than that of the sulphoaluminate cement and that of the complex cement ofthe forth two. The sorting of the fluidity and the long term strength of the aggregate type isquartz sand is larger than thin river sand and coarse river sand, though the thin river sandgrout is satisfactory to meet the practical requests. With the dosage of aggregate increase, thefluidity and the strength of the grout shows a decline tendency, even though is still fit the useneeds at the2.5time amount of the cement.(2) Effects of fibers to the properties of the gangue cement groutEffects of steel fibers and glass fibers to the fluidity and the compressive and flexural strength of the coal gangue cement grout were studied. It is found the even though the fiberscan raise the flexural strength of the coal gangue grout, they have a negative effect to thefluidity and the compressive strength of the grout. With the dosage increase of the steel fibersand glass fibers, the fluidity and the compressive strength of the grout reduce.(3) Effects of additives to the properties of the coal gangue cement groutEffects of variety and dosage of Water reducers, thickeners, expanding agents as well asadmixtures to the fluidity and the mechanical properties of the coal gangue cement grout weresystematically researched. The compressive strength of the grout has the highest value at theuse of mixture of0.8Naphthalene water reducer and0.2calcium lignosulphonate. With theincrease of the amount of water reducers, the fluidity of the grout rises. When the amount ofwater reducers reaches0.013times of that of cement, the grout has the highest compressivestrengths. Brucite short fibers are better thickeners than carboxymethyl cellulose andpolyvinyl alcohol in the cement grout. Calcium sulphoaluminate types are also betterexpanding agents than lipid lime and calcium aluminates types in the fluidity and the longterm strengths of the coal gangue cement grout. The addition of silica fume to the groutbenefits the flowability and the strengths of the grout and is better than that of organosilicondefoamer and aluminates powder.