Research On The Climatic Adaptability Of Traditional Residential Courtyards Type

In contemporary society, as for the coming of series of environment concerns, suchas energy dilemma, destruction of the ecological environment, global warming, moreand more people are concerned with environment, so is the building field. Theenvironmental concerns raises people’s awareness about the building its own climateregulation ability, and people begin to put a high value on the excellent climateadaptability approaches and experience of the traditional residence.Architecture is a product of human adaptation to climate. Human beings createbuildings to protect themselves in all weather. The climate is the ultimate source of theemerging and development of architecture. As British architect Ralph Erskine saying,No climate issues, human don’t need to construction. Our Country is a vast land withdifferent geographical conditions and serious climate, which cause multiple dwellings indifferent areas. The essence of Architecture is habitation, and the space is the majorfactor of Architecture. Therefore, the ultimate expression of the traditional residence’sadaptability to climate would be the space’s adaptability to climate, creating the spacesuitable for human beings to live in adapting to climate. The peculiarity anddifferentiation of Chinese traditional residence form reflect the unique geographicalconditions and climate feature. This thesis studies the traditional residences, from theperspective of climate adaptation, explore the relationship between traditional dwellingsspace form and climate in China, to construct climate adaptation mechanism ofdwellings space form.Firstly, this thesis focuses on the analysis of traditional residence, exploring itshistory of development. Clearing its history on the item of the development from caveand net house to surface structures and the birth and prosperity of the courtyard houses,the thesis analyses the social factor and natural factor which affected the traditional residence space form. Using the modern architectural space analysis method, thetraditional residence can be classified morphologically into individual building andenclosed courtyard houses, and the enclosing type can be wall and construction,construction enclosure and construction and hall. Secondly, this thesis focuses on theanalysis of its geographical environment, specifically analyzing the climatic feature ofthree levels influencing the traditional residence, which can be classified intoGeographical climate, special geographical climate, settlement subenvironment. Inchapter4, the thesis lists and analyses the climate adaptability characteristic of typicaltraditional residence in different special geographical climate. And finally, utilizing thetypical cases, the thesis structures the climate adaptation model under which thetraditional residence adapt and avoid the climatic elements, summarizes the climateadaptability of individual building and enclosed courtyard house, and analyses theclimate-adaptable changing regularity of roof, body and stylobate using in theindividual building, and analyses the climate-adaptable regularity of the enclosedcourtyard house on the items of dimension, plate form and profile of those threeenclosed courtyard types.Based on the previous climate adaptability research result of dwellings, this thesisgets the traditional residence spatial form associated with climate, penetrating theprevious research limited in only one area or only one type, giving a new mentality toresearch the traditional residence climate adaptation, and meanwhile making modernarchitects arouse the attention of climate elements during spatial design.