The Research On The Protection Of Yuanmingyuan Building Ruins

Yuanmingyuan is the famous imperial palace of Qing Dynasty, which used to becalled “Garden of all gardens”. It converges the essences of Chinese traditionalarchitecture and merges the features of the Western-style buildings, and playsan important role in the history of garden art in the world. Yuanmingyuan containsinsightful vision of recent Chinese history and manifests the common aspiration of thepeople of China to protect the Yuanmingyuan ruins; its protective history deeplyreflects the direction of our cultural heritage protection.This text focuses on theremediation of Yuanmingyuan protection, and makes the analysis of the unearthedChangchunyuan palace gate and Hanjingtang relics, Jiuzhou scenery areas, revealsthe concept, principles of preservation of the cultural heritage.Yuanmingyuan buildings are the the heart and soul of all art. The relics areall-inclusive in the traditional architecture combination, there are pavilions, pagodasand tower; Individual buildings use the construction technique of the big wood, smallwood, brick, earth works, decoration, painting and tile. Building technology combinesof ancient Chinese traditional architectural essence and contributes to the peak workin Chinese garden architectural art history.《Yuanmingyuan Nei Gong Ze Li》 and“The Manuscripts of Yangshi Lei” records the history of the Yuanmingyuanarchitecture site, and provides the science materials for the study on our Chinesetraditional architectural form and building technology.To promote the planning and construction of the ruins of Yuanmingyuan Park,the archaeological excavations of the relics start. Successively, the work is on theZaoyuan Relics, Palace gate Relics, Hanjingtang Relics and Jiuzhou scenery areas.The development of the excavation provides the first hand information for protectionof the site, and provides the scientific basis for the further study on the history ofYuanmingyuan.The protection of Yuanmingyuan ruins should base on the scientific andreasonable protection concepts, and synthesize advanced concepts and lessons learnedhome and abroad; this provides the scientific guarantee for the relic’s protection. The protection should carry on the idea “Protection is the primary, salvage is first, use isrational, management should strengthen”,to guarantee the original nature andintegrity, and the relics should be harmonious development with the surroundings, andsafeguard the historical value, social value, artistic value and scientific value. Duringthe protective process, the idea should adhere to the “four standard,”(reverse, read,see and identify) and “four relations”(incomplete but not declining, integrity but notcomplete, connecting but not smooth, beautiful not magnificent), only in this way,could Scientific and reasonable protection carry out. Furthermore, the protectionshould adhere to the “four conservation”: conserve the original architectural form,structure, materials and technology.Combining the Hanjingtang Relics, Dagongmen Relics, the Protection conceptshome and abroad, and the records of the historical documents, the scientific analysisof Hanjingtang and Shanhuaitang can conclude that the protection should centre onthe bare earth protection, spreading component placement, special part protectionshow, garden road repairmen, bridge protection, rockery strengthening, stylobaterecovery, making great efforts to guarantee the authenticity and integrity ofarchitecture siteThe research results mainly focus on two aspects in the following:First, this text starts from the perspective of historical landscape design, beginsfrom integral space protection, and fully analyzes the space distribution structure ofthe ruins and the harmony and unity with the surrounding, and provides the scientificbasis for carrying forward the achievement of garden art and recovering the ancientbuildings.Second, bringing the building site protection concept into the overall frameworkof international historical and cultural heritage protection, not only carry forwardthe architectural and cultural relics, but helps to promote the scientific process ofgreat site protection enterprise. By reading the 《Yuanmingyuan Ne Gong Ze Li》 and“The Manuscripts of Yangshi Lei”, combining the real excavation, applying theadvanced scientific protection concepts to the protection, can this way enrich theprotection experience of the architectural and cultural relics home and abroad.